Closing the Feedback of Evapotranspiration on the Atmospheric Evaporation Demand Based on a Complementary Relationship
Closing the Feedback of Evapotranspiration on the Atmospheric Evaporation Demand Based on a Complementary Relationship
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DOI：
10.3390/atmos13091431
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发表时间：
2022-09
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Tongtong Li;Dengfeng Liu;Songjun Han;Guanghui Ming;Jingjing Fan;Xianmeng Meng;Qiang Huang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tongtong Li;Dengfeng Liu;Songjun Han;Guanghui Ming;Jingjing Fan;Xianmeng Meng;Qiang Huang
蒸散是流域向大气的重要反馈。然而，在流域水文模拟中，蒸发对大气的反馈不是封闭的，潜在蒸发往往是一种与实际蒸发无关的气象强迫。在流域水文模拟中，提出了基于蒸散互补关系的闭合蒸散入大气反馈（FCEA）模型框架，并在FCEA模型中研究了汉江上游土地利用变化对径流和蒸散的影响。Brutsaert利用边界条件分析方法提出了一种基于多项式公式（B2015函数）的非线性互补关系，并将其应用于研究区，根据1972-1990年的流域水量平衡对参数进行了率定，并在1991-2017年进行了验证。利用补充模型估算了研究区实际蒸散量。利用SWAT模型对研究区1972 - 2017年的流域水文过程进行了模拟。为实现汉江上游蒸散发对大气的反馈，分析蒸散发反馈对流域径流变化的影响，采用4种情景对汉江上游蒸散发进行了研究。结果表明，在情景1和情景4的长期模拟中，汉江上游年径流量将增加，年实际蒸散量将减少。在情景2和情景3中，随着林地的增加，由于对大气的反馈，年径流量将减少，年实际蒸散量将增加，这与林地增加引起的生态需水增加有关。把草地改为农田将增加流域的径流量。为实现汉江流域的可持续发展，必须完善汉江流域土地利用规划政策。
Evapotranspiration is the important feedback of the catchment into the atmosphere. However, in catchment hydrological modeling, the feedback of evaporation into the atmosphere is not closed and potential evaporation is always a meteorological forcing which is not dependent on the actual evaporation. A modeling framework to close the feedback of evapotranspiration into the atmosphere (FCEA) based on the evapotranspiration complementary relationship was proposed in the catchment hydrological modeling, and the effect of land-use changes on the runoff and evapotranspiration in the upper reach of Han River of China was investigated in the FCEA. Brutsaert uses the boundary condition analysis method to propose a nonlinear complementary relationship based on polynomial formula (B2015 function), which was applied in the study area, and the parameters were calibrated based on the catchment water balance of 1972–1990 and validated in 1991–2017. The actual evapotranspiration (AET) in the study area was estimated based on the complementary model in the upper reach of Han River. The SWAT model was used to simulate the catchment hydrological processes in the study area from 1972 to 2017. The evapotranspiration in the upper reach of Han River was studied in four scenarios to realize the feedback of evapotranspiration to the atmosphere and analyze the impact of the evapotranspiration feedback to the change of runoff in the basin. The results showed that the annual runoff in the upper reach of the Han River will increase, and the annual actual evapotranspiration will decrease in the long-term simulations in Scenarios 1 and 4. In Scenarios 2 and 3, with the increase of woodland, the annual runoff will decrease due to the feedback to the atmosphere, and annual actual evapotranspiration will increase, which is related to the increase in ecological water demand caused by the increase in woodland. Converting grassland into farmland will increase the runoff of the watershed. It is important to improve the land-use planning policy in the Han River Basin in order to realize the sustainable development of the river basin.