Biodiversity of leaf-litter ants in fragmented tropical rainforests of Borneo: the value of publically and privately managed forest fragments
Biodiversity of leaf-litter ants in fragmented tropical rainforests of Borneo: the value of publically and privately managed forest fragments
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婆罗洲热带雨林中落叶蚁的生物多样性：公共和私人管理的森林碎片的价值
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
K. Hamer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Noel Tawatao;Jennifer M. Lucey;Michael J. M. Senior;Suzan Benedick;C. Khen;J. Hill;K. Hamer
鉴于热带地区农业迅速扩展，人们的注意力集中在农业用地内私人管理的雨林斑块对保护生物多样性作出贡献的潜力上。然而，这些网站一般在其历史上的森林干扰和管理与其他森林片段相比，需要更多的信息，这些私人管理的网站，特别是在油棕榈为主的东南亚景观的生物多样性价值。在这里，我们解决这个问题，使用热带落叶蚁在雨林片段包围成熟的油棕榈种植园在沙巴，婆罗洲作为一个模型系统。我们比较了蚂蚁组合的物种丰富度和组成，在私人管理的森林片段（“高保护价值”的片段; HCVs）与公共管理的森林片段（原始丛林保护区; VJR）和控制网站在广泛的大片原始森林。通过这种方式，我们测试的假设，私人管理和公共管理的森林片段不同的物种丰富度和组成的历史和管理的差异，因此在栖息地质量的结果。为了支持这一假设，我们发现，HCV有更差的栖息地质量比VJR，包括较低的大小和密度的树木，树冠覆盖，更少的龙脑香树和浅叶凋落物。因此，HCVs只支持一半的蚂蚁物种丰富度的VJR，这反过来又支持70%的物种丰富度的控制网站，植被结构和组成解释77%的蚂蚁物种丰富度的森林片段之间的变化。HCVs也比VJR小得多，但片段大小和生境质量之间的关系很弱，物种丰富度与片段大小无关。VJR支持在大片森林中发现的156种物种中的78%，而HCV仅支持22%，仅略高于以前在油棕中记录的比例（19%）。这些数据支持以前的研究结果，公共管理的VJR片段可以在农业景观生物多样性保护作出重要贡献。然而，我们建议，这些HCV是有效的生物多样性的水库，管理需要恢复植被结构和栖息地的质量，例如，通过富集与本地树种种植。
In view of the rapid rate of expansion of agriculture in tropical regions, attention has focused on the potential for privately-managed rainforest patches within agricultural land to contribute to biodiversity conservation. However, these sites generally differ in their history of forest disturbance and management compared with other forest fragments, and more information is required on the biodiversity value of these privately-managed sites, particularly in oil-palm dominated landscapes of SE Asia. Here we address this issue, using tropical leaf-litter ants in rainforest fragments surrounded by mature oil palm plantations in Sabah, Borneo as a model system. We compare the species richness and composition of ant assemblages in privately-managed forest fragments (‘high conservation value’ fragments; HCVs) with those in publically-managed fragments of forest (virgin jungle reserves; VJRs) and control sites in extensive tracts of primary forest. In this way, we test the hypothesis that privately-managed and publically-managed forest fragments differ in their species richness and composition as a result of differences in history and management and hence in habitat quality. In support of this hypothesis, we found that HCVs had much poorer habitat quality than VJRs, including lower sizes and densities of trees, less canopy cover, fewer dipterocarp trees and shallower leaf litter. Consequently, HCVs supported only half the species richness of ants in VJRs, which in turn supported 70 % of the species richness of control sites, with vegetation structure and composition explaining 77 % of the variation among forest fragments in ant species richness. HCVs were also much smaller than VJRs but there was only a weak relationship between fragment size and habitat quality, and species richness was not related to fragment size. VJRs supported 78 % of the 156 species found in extensive tracts of forest whereas HCVs supported only 22 %, which was only slightly higher than the proportion previously recorded in oil palm (19 %). These data support previous findings that publically-managed VJR fragments can make an important contribution to biodiversity conservation within agricultural landscapes. However, we suggest that for these HCVs to be effective as reservoirs of biodiversity, management is required to restore vegetation structure and habitat quality, for instance through enrichment planting with native tree species.