Functional neuroimaging of autistic disorders.
Functional neuroimaging of autistic disorders.
复制标题
自闭症的功能性神经影像学。
DOI：
10.1002/1098-2779(2000)6:3
复制
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ernst,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rumsey,JM;Ernst,M
功能神经成像方法有望阐明自闭症障碍的神经生物学，然而，当应用于这些复杂和异质性的综合征时，它们提出了困难的实践和科学挑战。迄今为止，对脑代谢和血流量的单状态研究未能得出一致的结果，但表明大脑突触活动的区域模式存在相当大的可变性。患有特发性自闭症的患者比患有合并症或癫痫的患者更不容易出现异常。激活研究已经开始表明，语言和认知的大脑组织发生了变化。神经递质研究使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）提示异常血清素和多巴胺能功能。使用磁共振波谱（MRS）的研究已经开始记录额叶皮层和小脑的代谢缺陷。一项使用脑磁图的单一研究表明，自闭症消退儿童的癫痫样活动发生率高。研究需要包括控制良好的发展研究，特别是针对年轻受试者和相对同质的亚群体，以平衡科学严谨性和伦理约束。研究5 -羟色胺和多巴胺能系统、边缘记忆和情感系统以及癫痫样活动在自闭症中的作用是未来研究的重点。MRDD研究评论(6):171 - 179,2000。出版于2000年Wiley - Liss， Inc。
Functional neuroimaging methods hold promise for elucidating the neurobiology of autistic disorders, yet they present difficult practical and scientific challenges when applied to these complex and heterogeneous syndromes. Single‐state studies of brain metabolism and blood flow thus far have failed to yield consistent findings, but suggest considerable variability in regional patterns of cerebral synaptic activity. Patients with idiopathic autism are less likely to show abnormalities than are patients with comorbid illness or epilepsy. Activation studies have begun to suggest alterations in brain organization for language and cognition. Neurotransmitter studies using positron emission tomography (PET) suggest abnormalities of serotonergic and dopaminergic function. Studies using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have begun to document metabolic deficits in the frontal cortex and cerebellum. A single study using magnetoencephalography suggests a high incidence of epileptiform activity in children with autistic regression. Research needs include well‐controlled developmental studies, particularly of young subjects and relatively homogeneous subgroups, which balance scientific rigor with ethical constraints. Investigations of the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, limbic‐based memory and emotional systems, and the role of epileptiform activity in autism represent priorities for future research. MRDD Research Reviews 6:171–179, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.