LANDSCAPE RESTORATION, NATURAL REGENERATION, AND THE FORESTS OF THE FUTURE
LANDSCAPE RESTORATION, NATURAL REGENERATION, AND THE FORESTS OF THE FUTURE
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DOI：
10.3417/2016035
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Chazdon, Robin L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chazdon, Robin L.
扭转大规模退化和砍伐森林的趋势超出了现场生态恢复所能实现的范围。森林和景观恢复侧重于“场地”层面以外的空间尺度，在那里多种土地用途和土地所有权形式共存，而且管理决策通常由不同的利益攸关方作出。在这方面，自然更新可以是一种具有成本效益的方法，可以扩大保护区或森林保护区的缓冲区，创建新的森林斑块和河岸区，并创建连接现有保护区的生物走廊。在这里，我描述了不同的自然更新方式，描述了它们的优点和特点，并提供了几个大规模自然更新的案例研究。重新生长的森林往往被忽视，其生态和经济价值在很大程度上仍然没有得到承认。需要为土地所有者和当地社区提供有效的激励措施，以鼓励和保护农场上自然再生的森林。对自然更新能力高的地区进行预测和测绘将降低在地方、地区和国家各级实施恢复的总体成本，并可能允许恢复更大的区域。在我们未来不确定的世界里，重新生长的热带森林将在减缓气候变化和保护生物多样性方面发挥越来越重要的作用。
Reversing large-scale degradation and deforestation goes beyond what can be achieved by site-level ecological restoration. Forest and landscape restoration focuses on spatial scales beyond the "site" level, where multiple land uses and forms of land ownership coexist, and where management decisions are usually made by different sets of stakeholders. In this context, natural regeneration can be a cost-effective approach to expand buffer zones of protected areas or forest reserves, create new forest patches and riparian zones, and create biological corridors to link existing protected areas. Here, I describe different modalities of natural regeneration, describe their benefits and features, and present several case studies of large-scale natural regeneration. Regrowing forests are often ignored, and their ecological and economic value remains largely unrecognized. Effective incentives for landowners and local communities are needed to encourage and protect naturally regenerating forests on farms. Predicting and mapping areas with a high capacity for natural regeneration will lower the overall costs of implementing restoration at local, regional, and national levels and may permit larger areas to be restored. Regrowing tropical forests will play an increasingly important role in climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation in our future uncertain world.