LOOKING TO THE FUTURE: Perspectives from the Next Generation of Coral Scientists
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE: Perspectives from the Next Generation of Coral Scientists
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展望未来：下一代珊瑚科学家的观点
DOI：
10.1002/lob.10430
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wilkins, Keiko W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hughes, Hunter;Cziesielski, Maha J.;Love, Connor;Nowakowski, Catherine;Marín, Angelique Rosa;Wilkins, Keiko W.
如果我们展望珊瑚礁科学的未来，看到一个包容和多样化的领域，来自不同学科的研究人员广泛参与到整个社区中，这将预示着本系列文章迄今为止讨论的问题的成功（Cziesielski等人，2021；Love等人，2021；Nowakowski等人，2021；Wilkins等人，2021）。人与人之间的沟通和合作是必要的，以获得对珊瑚礁未来的兴奋。还需要在开放和包容的氛围中实施这些措施，欢迎并确保未来几代科学家的多样性，他们将带来重要和独特的观点。这不仅是一种道德义务；最近的研究表明，研究团队的多样性导致更有影响力的出版物（Freeman和Huang 2014, 2015）。地球珊瑚礁的可怕未来是一个迫切的问题，需要最好的科学合作来解决。为了解决这个紧迫的问题，我们确定了珊瑚礁科学的三个方面，应该为子孙后代关注：将人与珊瑚礁联系起来，包容性和多样性，以及为子孙后代准备不断发展的科学的整体培训计划。将公众和利益相关者与珊瑚礁联系起来意味着实施前几节中讨论的交流和协作工具，例如个性化叙事（Nowakowski等人，2021）和地方外展（Love等人，2021）。除了鼓励人际交往外，珊瑚科学家现在和未来应该更积极主动地通过互联网上存在的各种平台分享他们的发现和结果。在这个交流部分（面向非科学受众）中，需要有一个希望的信息，以及可以通过可操作的计划实现的具体目标。同样的行动计划应该通过与帮助管理正在进行科学研究的珊瑚礁的当地利益相关者的合作来完善。随着人们对人际交流和合作的充分关注，科学家们可以利用他们对珊瑚礁的情感依恋，作为激发公众兴奋和行动的渠道。然而，也许将更多人与珊瑚礁联系起来的最相关和及时的方法是扩大代表珊瑚礁科学的个人的多样性。为了实现这一目标，珊瑚科学家有一个特殊的角色可以作为榜样。各院校在招聘新教师和研究人员时需要注意这一点，因为学生（包括现有的和未来的）个人认同的高级专业人员对招聘和保留至关重要（González 2006）。尽管这在机构层面得到了充分的理解，但最近的一项研究记录了四个主要机构中代表性不足的少数民族（URM）的教师招聘情况，报告称，2011年至2015年期间，只有4-9%的终身教职教师来自URM人群（Gumpertz et al. 2017）。更糟糕的是，珊瑚科学也不例外，URM群体通常是受珊瑚礁退化的社会和经济影响最大的群体。包含更广泛的经验可以提出更重要的问题，从而发现更可持续的解决方案。如果没有这种代表性，我们就失去了地球珊瑚礁无法承受的重要机会。虽然目前的代表性还远远不够理想，但正在采取措施解决STEM领域缺乏多样性、包容性和公平性的问题。stem支持项目通常帮助来自不同…
If we look to the future of coral reef science and see an inclusive and diverse field where researchers from a variety of disciplines are widely engaged with the community at large, it will herald the success of the issues discussed thus far in this series of essays (Cziesielski et al. 2021; Love et al. 2021; Nowakowski et al. 2021; Wilkins et al. 2021). Interpersonal communication and collaboration are necessary to garner excitement for the future of coral reefs. It is also necessary to implement these within an open and inclusive atmosphere, to welcome and ensure diversity in future generations of scientists who will bring with them important and unique perspectives. This is not only a moral obligation; recent research demonstrates that diversity in research teams leads to more impactful publications (Freeman and Huang 2014, 2015). The dire future of the planet’s coral reefs is an urgent problem that will require the best working scientific collaborations to resolve. To address this urgent problem, we have identified three aspects of coral reef science that should be focused on for future generations: connecting people to coral reefs, inclusion and diversity, and holistic training programs that prepare future generations for an evolving science. Connecting the general public and stakeholders to coral reefs means implementing communicative and collaborative tools that were discussed in previous sections, such as personalizing narratives (Nowakowski et al. 2021) and local outreach (Love et al. 2021). Beyond incentivizing interpersonal outreach, coral scientists now and in the future should be more proactive about sharing their discoveries and results through the variety of platforms that exist on the internet. Laced within that communication piece (geared toward a nonscientific audience) needs to be a message of hope, with tangible goals that can be achieved through actionable plans. That same plan of action should be refined through collaborations with local stakeholders who help to manage the reef where scientific studies are being conducted. With ample attention drawn toward interpersonal communication and collaboration, scientists can use their emotional attachment to coral reefs as a conduit to incite both excitement and action in the general public. However, perhaps the most relevant and timely way to connect more people to coral reefs is to broaden the diversity of individuals who represent coral reef science. Toward this end, coral scientists have a particular part to play as role models. Institutions need to be mindful of this when hiring new faculty and researchers, because senior professionals that students (both current and prospective) can personally identify with are crucial for recruitment and retention (González 2006). Despite the fact that this is well-understood at the institutional level, a recent study documenting faculty recruitment of under-represented minorities (URMs) at four major institutions reported that only 4–9% of tenure-track faculty between 2011 and 2015 were from URM populations (Gumpertz et al. 2017). Worse perhaps is that the coral sciences are no exception, where URM groups are typically those most impacted by the social and economic repercussions of degrading coral reefs. Inclusion of a broader set of experiences leads to asking more important questions and therefore discovering more sustainable solutions. By missing this representation, we are missing essential opportunities that the planet’s coral reefs cannot afford. While current representation is far from ideal, steps are being taken toward addressing the lack of diversity, inclusion, and equity in STEM fields. STEM-support programs typically help URM students from various …