Character state-based taxa erected to accommodate fossil and extant needle stoneflies (Leuctridae - Leuctrida tax.n.) and close relatives
Character state-based taxa erected to accommodate fossil and extant needle stoneflies (Leuctridae - Leuctrida tax.n.) and close relatives
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DOI：
10.1111/syen.12102
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wappler, Torsten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bethoux, Olivier;Kondratieff, Boris;Wappler, Torsten
为了适应与现存针石蝇子集相关的新发现的化石标本（Leuctridae sensu Zwick, 2000），我们主要基于现存材料对这些昆虫及其近亲的翅膀脉系进行了比较分析。鉴定了一些可能支持单系分类群的特征状态，并根据枝型命名程序建立了分类群名称。我们引入了一个新的标准定义，其中使用了定义字符状态的反义词。提出的分类群包括：Nemouromorpha > Capniida/Leuctrida/Nemouridae s.l。’，以及Leuctrida b> Exeleuctrida > Mioleuctrida和Eleuctrida > Collaleuctrida。这一方案使我们暂时容纳了先前描述的几个化石物种和新的标本，在属和种水平上尚未确定，但被分配给Collaleuctrida。为了优化分层信息的检索，我们在分类地址中引入nec'（拉丁语为but not'）来表示从分类单元中排除。例如，Mioleuctrida nec Collaleuctrida dagger yehae表明dagger yehae可以归属于Mioleuctrida，但也可以最终排除在Collaleuctrida之外。根据所调查的案例，最后认为枝型命名程序在名称使用和数量方面是最佳的，并且允许充分处理同源性。
In order to accommodate a newly discovered fossil specimen related to a subset of extant needle stoneflies (Leuctridae sensu Zwick, 2000), we provide a comparative analysis of the wing venation of these insects, and of their close relatives, primarily based on extant material. A number of character states potentially supporting monophyletic taxa are identified, and are used to erect taxon names under the cladotypic nomenclatural procedure. We introduce a new standard definition in which the mention of the antonym of the defining character state is applied. The proposed taxa, and taxa inclusiveness, are as follows: Nemouromorpha > Capniida/Leuctrida/Nemouridae s.l.', and Leuctrida > Exeleuctrida > Mioleuctrida & Eleuctrida > Collaleuctrida. This scheme allowed us to tentatively accommodate several fossil species described earlier and the new specimen, left undetermined at the genus and species levels, but assigned to Collaleuctrida. To optimize retrieval of hierarchical information, we introduce the use of nec' (Latin for but not') into the taxonomic address to indicate exclusion from a taxon. For example, Mioleuctrida nec Collaleuctrida dagger yehae indicates that dagger yehae can be assigned to Mioleuctrida but can also be conclusively excluded from Collaleuctrida. Based on the investigated case, it is finally argued that the cladotypic nomenclatural procedure is optimal regarding name use and numbers, and allows adequate treatment of homoplasy.