Maternal investment results in better foal condition through increased play behaviour in horses
Maternal investment results in better foal condition through increased play behaviour in horses
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.07.009
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Minot, Edward O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cameron, Elissa Z.;Linklater, Wayne L.;Minot, Edward O.
玩耍行为在哺乳动物中很普遍，但玩耍的好处很难证明。体育锻炼是许多提出的假设之一，这表明男性和女性应该发挥不同的，增加母亲的投资应导致增加发挥，并在发挥增加应导致身体优势。在一个人口的野马，马caballus，男性和女性没有不同，在他们的游戏行为，除了男性发起更多的发挥比女性的较量。母亲的条件只影响男性的游戏行为，与母亲在良好的条件下玩更多的儿子。然而，当我们通过比较同一母亲的儿子和女儿来控制母亲的影响时，女儿在母亲状况不佳时玩得更多，而儿子在母亲状况良好时玩得更多。母亲的马驹，发挥更多失去更多的条件。因此，在游戏行为的差异不能解释由后代的性别或母亲的条件单独，但游戏行为反映了母亲的投资变化。此外，那些玩得更多的个体存活得更好，尽管断奶较早，但作为一岁鸽的身体状况也更好。由于活动增加已被链接到增强肌肉骨骼发育在国内马，我们建议，发挥提供了一个链接之间的母亲投资增加，身体状况和未来的繁殖成功的野马，并可能在其他物种。(C)2008年，动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Play behaviour is widespread in mammals, but benefits to play have been difficult to demonstrate. Physical training is one of the many proposed hypotheses, suggesting that males and females should play differently, that increased maternal investment should lead to increases in play, and that increases in play should result in physical advantages. In a population of feral horses, Equus caballus, males and females did not differ in their play behaviour except that males initiated more of their play bouts than females. Maternal condition influenced play behaviour only in males, with sons of mothers in good condition playing more. However, when we controlled for maternal effects by comparing a son and a daughter of the same mother, daughters played more when their mother was in poor condition and sons played more when their mother was in good condition. Mothers of foals that played more lost more condition. Therefore, the difference in play behaviour could not be explained by offspring sex or maternal condition alone, but play behaviour mirrored variation in maternal investment. In addition, those individuals that played more survived better and had better body condition as yearlings despite weaning earlier. Since increased activity has been linked to enhanced musculoskeletal development in domestic horses, we suggest that play provides a link between increased maternal investment, increased body condition and future reproductive success in feral horses, and probably in other species. (C) 2008 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.