The moderation of genetic and shared-environmental influences on adolescent drinking by levels of parental drinking
The moderation of genetic and shared-environmental influences on adolescent drinking by levels of parental drinking
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.2003.64.182
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wiebe, RP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cleveland, HH;Wiebe, RP
目的：研究一直表明父母饮酒水平和青少年饮酒之间存在关联。解释这种联系的不同机制包括环境机制，如社会学习机制，以及生物机制，如基因传播。为了整合这些观点，本研究考察了父母饮酒行为对青少年饮酒的环境和遗传影响的调节作用。方法：数据来源于《国家青少年健康纵向研究》中的1,833对同卵双胞胎、异卵双胞胎、全同胞和同父异母姐妹。分析使用了Defries-Fulker(DF)模型来估计遗传和共同的环境影响，并评估家庭父母饮酒对这些影响的潜在缓和。结果：全样本结果显示遗传影响(h(2)=0.46，p.05)不存在。对男性、女性和混合性别配对的单独DF分析发现，男性和女性配对对青少年的遗传和共同环境影响的程度相似。然而，混合性别配对的结果是模棱两可的。扩展的DF模型研究了父母饮酒与遗传和共享环境影响的表达之间的相互作用，发现父母饮酒与男性夫妇中基因影响的更高表达有关，但在女性或混血夫妇中没有相关性。结论：要得出的主要推论是，至少对男性青少年来说，接触父母饮酒似乎会增强基因对饮酒的影响。
Objective: Research has consistently shown an association between levels of parental drinking and adolescent alcohol use. Different mechanisms offered to explain this association include environmental mechanisms such as social learning and biological mechanisms such as genetic transmission. To integrate these perspectives, this study examines the moderation of environmental and genetic influences on adolescent alcohol use by parental drinking behaviors. Method: The data used were 1,833 pairs drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health's monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, full-sibling and half-sibling pairs. Analyses used Defries-Fulker (DF) models to estimate genetic and shared environmental influences and to evaluate the potential moderation of these influences by household parental drinking. Results: Full sample results revealed that genetic influences (h(2) = 0.46, p .05) were not. Separate DF analyses for male, female and mixed-gender pairs found the magnitude of genetic and shared environmental influences on adolescents to be similar across male and female pairs. Results for mixed-gender pairs, however, were ambiguous. Extended DF models examining interactions between parental drinking and the expression of genetic and shared environmental influences found parental drinking was associated with a higher expression of genetic influences among male pairs but not among female or mixed-gender pairs. Conclusions: The main inferences to be drawn are that, at least for male adolescents, genetic influences on drinking appear to be potentiated by exposure to parental drinking.