The impact of semantic memory organization and sentence context information on spoken language processing by younger and older adults: An ERP study
The impact of semantic memory organization and sentence context information on spoken language processing by younger and older adults: An ERP study
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DOI：
10.1111/1469-8986.3920133
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kutas, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Federmeier, KD;McLennan, DB;Kutas, M
为了研究语义记忆组织和使用在衰老过程中的变化，我们记录了事件相关电位，年轻人和老年人听了以预期单词结尾的句子，来自同一语义类别的意想不到的单词，或者来自不同类别的意想不到的单词。有一半的上下文是高度限制性的。在这两组中，预期的词比意外的词引起更少的负性300-500 ms（N400），并且当这些词与类别相关时，意外的词引起更小的N400。而年轻的成年人表现出最大的N400减少意想不到的，但在高约束条件下相关的话，老年人表现出相反的趋势。因此，与年轻人不同，老年人作为一个群体似乎并不使用上下文预测。然而，语言流利度较高、词汇量较大的老年人表现出较年轻的反应模式，这表明资源的可用性可能会抵消某些与年龄相关的变化。
To examine changes in semantic memory organization and use during aging, we recorded event-related potentials as younger and older adults listened to sentences ending with the expected word, an unexpected word from the same semantic category, or an unexpected word from a different category. Half of the contexts were highly constraining. In both groups,, expected words elicited less negativity 300-500 ms (N400) than unexpected ones, and unexpected words elicited smaller N400s when these were categorically related. Whereas younger adults showed the greatest N400 reduction to unexpected but related words in high constraint contexts, older adults showed the opposite tendency. Thus, unlike younger adults, older adults as a group do not seem to be using context predictively. Older adults with higher verbal fluency and larger vocabularies, however, showed the younger response pattern, suggesting resource availability may offset certain age-related changes.