Nutritional rehabilitation in anorexia nervosa: review of the literature and implications for treatment.
Nutritional rehabilitation in anorexia nervosa: review of the literature and implications for treatment.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-244x-13-290
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发表时间：
2013-11-07
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Kaye WH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marzola E;Nasser JA;Hashim SA;Shih PA;Kaye WH
恢复体重和营养状况是神经性厌食症（AN）治疗的关键因素。本综述的目的是描述短期和长期康复的AN住院患者和门诊患者增加和维持体重所需的热量需求。我们回顾了PubMed上关于1960-2012年间AN营养恢复的文献。基于这种搜索，出现了几个主题：1。进食行为；2. AN的权值恢复；3. 运动与代谢在抵抗体重增加中的作用3. 体重恢复的医疗后果；4. 增重率；5. 保持体重;和6。营养的摄入。对于AN的体重恢复和维持的总体热量需求，我们已经知道了相当多的信息。例如，从每天每公斤30-40千卡（kcal/kg/day）开始，增加到70-100千卡/kg/day，可以使住院病人每周体重增加1-1.5公斤。然而，关于营养缺乏对体重增加的影响，以及如何满足营养需求以恢复营养状态，人们知之甚少。本综述旨在引起人们对发展AN基础营养知识基础的关注，以便未来的治疗能够以证据为基础。
Restoration of weight and nutritional status are key elements in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN). This review aims to describe issues related to the caloric requirements needed to gain and maintain weight for short and long-term recovery for AN inpatients and outpatients. We reviewed the literature in PubMed pertaining to nutritional restoration in AN between 1960–2012. Based on this search, several themes emerged: 1. AN eating behavior; 2. Weight restoration in AN; 3. Role of exercise and metabolism in resistance to weight gain; 3. Medical consequences of weight restoration; 4. Rate of weight gain; 5. Weight maintenance; and 6. Nutrient intake. A fair amount is known about overall caloric requirements for weight restoration and maintenance for AN. For example, starting at 30–40 kilocalories per kilogram per day (kcal/kg/day) with increases up to 70–100 kcal/kg/day can achieve a weight gain of 1–1.5 kg/week for inpatients. However, little is known about the effects of nutritional deficits on weight gain, or how to meet nutrient requirements for restoration of nutritional status. This review seeks to draw attention to the need for the development of a foundation of basic nutritional knowledge about AN so that future treatment can be evidenced-based.