Hepatitis B Virus in West African Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of HIV and Other Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Infection.
Hepatitis B Virus in West African Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of HIV and Other Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Infection.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph20054142
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发表时间：
2023-02-25
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Holl, Jane L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fofana, Djeneba B;Somboro, Anou M;Maiga, Mamoudou;Kampo, Mamadou I;Diakite, Brehima;Cissoko, Yacouba;McFall, Sally M;Hawkins, Claudia A;Maiga, Almoustapha I;Sylla, Mariam;Gozlan, Joel;El-Sayed, Manal H;Morand-Joubert, Laurence;Murphy, Robert L;Diakite, Mahamadou;Holl, Jane L
虽然乙肝病毒(乙肝病毒)和人类免疫缺陷病毒(艾滋病毒)在西非流行，但儿童中乙肝病毒/艾滋病毒混合感染的流行率及其相关风险因素仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们试图评估西非国家0-16岁艾滋病毒携带者和非HIV携带者的乙肝表面抗原血清阳性率，以及与该人群中乙肝病毒感染相关的危险因素。使用非洲期刊在线(AJOL)、PubMed、谷歌学者和科学网数据库作为搜索工具，从文献中检索2000年至2021年期间报告西非儿童中乙肝病毒流行率及其相关危险因素的研究文章。使用统计软件StatsDirect对保留的研究进行荟萃分析。然后用95%的可信区间(CI)评估乙肝病毒的患病率和异质性。采用漏斗图不对称性和Egger‘s检验评价发表偏倚。这次审查收录了在七个西非国家进行的27篇文章。考虑到研究的高度异质性，根据随机分析，0至16岁人群中的乙肝病毒流行率为5%。按国家划分，贝宁的患病率最高(10%)，其次是尼日利亚(7%)和象牙海岸(5%)，多哥(1%)最低。在感染艾滋病毒的儿童人群中，乙肝病毒流行率为9%。接种疫苗儿童的乙肝病毒感染率(2%)低于未接种儿童(6%)。有明确危险因素的乙肝病毒流行率在3-9%之间，这些危险因素包括艾滋病毒联合感染、母亲乙肝表面抗原阳性、接受手术、刮除皮肤或未接种疫苗。这项研究强调了在非洲特别是西非加强新生儿疫苗接种、乙肝病毒筛查和孕妇预防的必要性，以实现世卫组织消除乙肝病毒的目标，特别是在儿童中。
While Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are endemic in West Africa, the prevalence of HBV/HIV coinfection and their associated risk factors in children remains unclear. In this review, we sought to assess HBsAg seroprevalence among 0- to 16-year-olds with and without HIV in West African countries and the risk factors associated with HBV infection in this population. Research articles between 2000 and 2021 that reported the prevalence of HBV and associated risk factors in children in West Africa were retrieved from the literature using the Africa Journals Online (AJOL), PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases as search tools. StatsDirect, a statistical software, was used to perform a meta-analysis of the retained studies. HBV prevalence and heterogeneity were then assessed with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s test. Twenty-seven articles conducted across seven West African countries were included in this review. HBV prevalence among persons aged 0 to 16 years was 5%, based on the random analysis, given the great heterogeneity of the studies. By country, the highest prevalence was observed in Benin (10%), followed by Nigeria (7%), and Ivory Coast (5%), with Togo (1%) having the lowest. HBV prevalence in an HIV-infected population of children was (9%). Vaccinated children had lower HBV prevalence (2%) than unvaccinated children (6%). HBV prevalence with a defined risk factor such as HIV co-infection, maternal HBsAg positivity, undergoing surgery, scarification, or being unvaccinated ranged from 3–9%. The study highlights the need to reinforce vaccination of newborns, screening for HBV, and HBV prophylaxis among pregnant women in Africa, particularly in West Africa, to achieve the WHO goal of HBV elimination, particularly in children.