EFFECT OF BILATERAL AUDITORY-CORTEX LESIONS ON SOUND LOCALIZATION IN JAPANESE MACAQUES
EFFECT OF BILATERAL AUDITORY-CORTEX LESIONS ON SOUND LOCALIZATION IN JAPANESE MACAQUES
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1990.64.3.915
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发表时间：
1990-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
HEFFNER, RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HEFFNER, HE;HEFFNER, RS
1.四只日本猕猴（Macaca fuscata）的能力，以本地化的声音后，确定双侧听觉皮层消融。这些动物接受了两项测试：一项是“中线”测试，在这项测试中，它们必须区分从位于中线右侧的扬声器发出的噪音脉冲串和从位于中线右侧的扬声器发出的相同噪音脉冲串;另一项是“半场”测试，在这项测试中，两个扬声器都位于它们的右半场。2.这两项测试都是通过使用两种不同的行为任务来进行的：一种是条件性回避任务，其中动物被训练与水龙头接触或断开接触，以指示声源的位置，另一种是两项选择任务，要求动物步行到声源。3.条件回避和二选任务的结果表明，动物能够执行中线的歧视，但他们的定位敏锐度降低。然而，动物有很大的困难，在学习走到一个声音的来源，尽管事实上，他们已经接受了以前的声音定位训练的条件性回避任务。这种困难表明猴子不再将声音与空间中的位置联系起来。4.条件性回避和两个选择任务的结果表明，动物无法区分的声源的轨迹时，两个扬声器位于同一个半野。5.双侧听觉皮层消融导致感觉和知觉缺陷。感觉缺陷的存在是由左右辨别力的敏锐度降低和无法区分位于同一半野的两个扬声器来指示的。声音轨迹感知的缺陷表现为学习接近声源的困难，正常猴子在未经训练的情况下表现出这种能力。6.听觉皮层损伤对声音定位的影响存在种属差异。虽然皮层损伤导致了几种灵长类动物和食肉动物的声音定位缺陷，但它们对大鼠几乎没有影响。
1. The ability of four Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) to localize sound was determined after bilateral ablation of auditory cortex. The animals were given two tests: a "midline" test in which they had to discriminate noise bursts presented from a loudspeaker located to the left from identical noise bursts presented from a loudspeaker located to the right of midline, and a "hemifield" test in which both loudspeakers were located in their right hemifield. 2. Both of the tests were administered by the use of two different behavioral tasks: a conditioned-avoidance task in which the animals were trained to make or break contact with a water spout to indicate the location of a sound source, and a two-choice task that required the animals to walk to the source of the sound. 3. The results of both the conditioned-avoidance and the two-choice tasks demonstrated that the animals were able to perform the midline discrimination although their localization acuity was reduced. However, the animals had great difficulty in learning to walk to the source of a sound in spite of the fact that they had received previous sound-localization training in the conditioned-avoidance task. This difficulty suggested that the monkeys no longer associated the sound with a location in space. 4. The results of both the conditioned-avoidance and the two-choice tasks demonstrated that the animals were unable to discriminate the locus of a sound source when both loudspeakers were located in the same hemifield. 5. Bilateral ablation of auditory cortex results in both sensory and perceptual deficits. The presence of sensory deficits is indicated by the decreased acuity in the left-right discrimination and the inability to discriminate between two loudspeakers located in the same hemifield. The deficit in the perception of the locus of sound is indicated by the difficulty in learning to approach the source of a sound, an ability which normal monkeys exhibit without training. 6. There appear to be species' differences in the effect of auditory cortex lesions on sound localization. Although cortical lesions result in a sound-localization deficit in several species of primates and carnivores, they have little or no effect on rats.