Weyl and Dirac semimetals in three-dimensional solids
Weyl and Dirac semimetals in three-dimensional solids
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DOI：
10.1103/revmodphys.90.015001
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发表时间：
2018-01-22
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
Vishwanath, Ashvin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Armitage, N. P.;Mele, E. J.;Vishwanath, Ashvin
外尔半金属和狄拉克半金属是具有无隙电子激发的物质的三维相，其受到拓扑和对称性的保护。作为石墨烯的三维类似物，它们最近引起了很多兴趣。与相对论性手征费米子的粒子物理模型存在着深刻的联系，尽管它们之间没有间隙，但它们与固态拓扑和陈式绝缘体之间存在着深刻的联系。它们特有的电子性质导致受保护的表面状态和对外加电场和磁场的新颖响应。这些阶段的理论基础，他们提出的实现在固态系统中，和最近的实验候选材料，以及它们与其他状态的物质进行审查。
Weyl and Dirac semimetals are three-dimensional phases of matter with gapless electronic excitations that are protected by topology and symmetry. As three-dimensional analogs of graphene, they have generated much recent interest. Deep connections exist with particle physics models of relativistic chiral fermions, and, despite their gaplessness, to solid-state topological and Chern insulators. Their characteristic electronic properties lead to protected surface states and novel responses to applied electric and magnetic fields. The theoretical foundations of these phases, their proposed realizations in solid-state systems, and recent experiments on candidate materials as well as their relation to other states of matter are reviewed.