Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy: the path to consensus on pathophysiology.

Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy: the path to consensus on pathophysiology.
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DOI:
10.1186/2044-5040-4-12
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Tapscott SJ
Tapscott SJ
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tawil R;van der Maarel SM;Tapscott SJ

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虽然面肩肱营养不良(FSHD)的病理生理学在过去几十年中一直存在争议,但近年来的进展导致了一种模型,该模型结合了这几十年的研究结果,并在FSHD研究界获得了普遍认可。在这里,我们回顾了多年来许多实验室的贡献如何导致对人类疾病的全新机制的理解。FSHD是由4号染色体上D4Z4大卫星重复序列的无效重复介导的表观遗传抑制引起的,导致DUX4逆转录基因在骨骼肌中的多样化表达,DUX4逆转录基因编码双同源框转录因子。DUX4通常在睾丸中表达并在体细胞组织中表观遗传抑制,骨骼肌中的DUX4表达诱导许多生殖细胞、干细胞和其他可能导致FSHD病理生理学的基因的表达。尽管在该领域关于机制的细节仍存在一些分歧,但关于病理生理学中心模型的合并协议代表了FSHD研究的一个关键点,将该领域从以发现为导向的研究转变为旨在开发基于疾病病理生理学合理模型的治疗方法的转化研究。
Although the pathophysiology of facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) has been controversial over the last decades, progress in recent years has led to a model that incorporates these decades of findings and is gaining general acceptance in the FSHD research community. Here we review how the contributions from many labs over many years led to an understanding of a fundamentally new mechanism of human disease. FSHD is caused by inefficient repeat-mediated epigenetic repression of the D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat array on chromosome 4, resulting in the variegated expression of the DUX4 retrogene, encoding a double-homeobox transcription factor, in skeletal muscle. Normally expressed in the testis and epigenetically repressed in somatic tissues, DUX4 expression in skeletal muscle induces expression of many germline, stem cell, and other genes that might account for the pathophysiology of FSHD. Although some disagreements regarding the details of mechanisms remain in the field, the coalescing agreement on a central model of pathophysiology represents a pivot-point in FSHD research, transitioning the field from discovery-oriented studies to translational studies aimed at developing therapies based on a sound model of disease pathophysiology.
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影响因子: 9.9
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影响因子: 4.9
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