Neuropsychological deficits in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a comparison with unipolar depression, panic disorder, and normal controls.
Neuropsychological deficits in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a comparison with unipolar depression, panic disorder, and normal controls.
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.55.5.415
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发表时间：
1998-05
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rosemary Purcell;P. Maruff;Michael Kyrios;Christos Pantelis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rosemary Purcell;P. Maruff;Michael Kyrios;Christos Pantelis
背景与强迫症（OCD）相关的神经心理功能障碍与其他情感或焦虑障碍中报告的缺陷相似。我们直接比较了强迫症患者的认知功能与匹配的单相抑郁症和惊恐障碍患者和健康对照组，以确定强迫症神经心理缺陷的具体性质。方法30例强迫症患者、30例惊恐障碍患者、20例单相抑郁症患者和30例对照者完成了一个计算机化的神经心理电池，评估了执行、视觉记忆和注意功能的准确性和潜伏期。结果：各组在年龄、受教育年限或估计智商方面没有差异。然而，我们发现了认知表现的群体差异。强迫症患者的空间工作记忆、空间识别以及运动启动和执行能力均受损。相比之下，惊恐障碍或抑郁症患者在这些任务上的表现与对照组没有差异。虽然抑郁症患者的注意力转移受损，但在计划、认知速度、模式识别和延迟匹配样本的措施上没有组间差异。结论：强迫症患者存在神经心理学缺陷，而惊恐障碍或单相抑郁症患者则没有。因此，强迫症中的认知功能障碍似乎与与该疾病相关的特定疾病过程有关。
BACKGROUND The neuropsychological dysfunction associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has similarities to the deficits reported in other affective or anxiety disorders. We directly compared cognitive function in patients with OCD with that in matched patients with unipolar depression and panic disorder and healthy control subjects to establish the specific nature of neuropsychological deficits in OCD. METHODS Thirty patients with OCD, 30 patients with panic disorder, 20 patients with unipolar depression, and 30 controls completed a computerized neuropsychological battery that assessed the accuracy and latency of executive, visual memory, and attentional functions. RESULTS The groups did not differ according to age, years of education, or estimated IQ. However, we found group differences in cognitive performance. The patients with OCD were impaired on measures of spatial working memory, spatial recognition, and motor initiation and execution. In contrast, performance of these tasks by patients with panic disorder or depression did not differ from that of controls. There were no group differences for performance on the measures of planning, cognitive speed, pattern recognition, and delayed matching to sample, although patients with depression were impaired for attentional set shifting. CONCLUSIONS Neuropsychological deficits were observed in patients with OCD that were not observed in matched patients with panic disorder or unipolar depression. As such, the cognitive dysfunction in OCD appears to be related to the specific illness processes associated with the disorder.