Precarious Work in Europe: Assessing Cross-National Differences and Institutional Determinants of Work Precarity in 32 European Countries
Precarious Work in Europe: Assessing Cross-National Differences and Institutional Determinants of Work Precarity in 32 European Countries
复制标题
欧洲的不稳定工作：评估 32 个欧洲国家的跨国差异和工作不稳定的制度决定因素
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Q. Mai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Q. Mai
摘要
在过去几十年中，不稳定的工作成为当代欧洲社会经济不安全的一个重要特征。以下研究问：劳动力市场制度和劳动力市场条件如何塑造欧洲的工作不稳定性？这项研究通过测量工作的程度来捕捉难以捉摸的不稳定工作的概念：（1）不安全和不确定，（2）提供职业流动性的前景不佳，（3）使工人处于经济不安全的低工资状态。基于两个理论范式，资本主义的品种和权力资源理论，本研究得出并测试假设宏观层面的因素如何塑造在32个欧洲国家的不稳定工作的分布变化。将2010年欧洲工作条件调查的个人层面数据与来自多个来源的国家层面数据相结合，我的研究结果表明，在所有企业中接受持续培训的员工比例较高的国家，工作不稳定性降低，所有企业为员工提供在职培训的比例较高，以及积极的劳动力市场政策的支出水平较高。
Abstract
Over the last few decades, precarious work rose as an important feature of socioeconomic insecurity in contemporary Europe. The following study asks: How do labor market institutions and labor market conditions shape work precarity in Europe? This research captures the elusive concept of precarious work by measuring the degree to which a job (1) is insecure and uncertain, (2) offers poor prospects of career mobility, and (3) puts workers in an economically insecure position with low pay. Building on two theoretical paradigms, the Varieties of Capitalism and the Power Resource Theory, this study derives and tests hypotheses about how macro-level factors shape the variation in the distribution of precarious work in 32 European countries. Combining individual-level data from the 2010 European Working Conditions Survey with country-level data from multiple sources, my findings suggest that work precarity decreases in countries with high percentages of employees in all enterprises receiving continual training, high percentages of all enterprises providing on-the-job training for employees, and high levels of spending on active labor market policies.