Physiologic Races of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici in Japan
Physiologic Races of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici in Japan
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禾白粉菌 f 的生理小种
DOI：
10.3186/jjphytopath.53.470
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Doi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Oku;S. Namba;S. Yamashita;Y. Doi
小麦白粉病菌的生理分化。1962、1967和1984-1986年在日本采集的小麦叶片，用离体叶片培养法对小麦叶片进行了鉴定。本研究以Axwang × Cc8、Ulka × Cc8、Asosan × Cc8、Chul × Cc8、Khapli × Cc8、Hope和Sapporo-haru-komugi等7个单基因小麦品种为基本鉴别材料，共鉴定出20个生理小种。根据欧洲小麦小种的分布和抗病品种的选育计划，对Normandie、Halle Stamm 13471、C.I. 12633、Weihenstephaner M1、亚瑟、Vernal、0224/52和Transec被用作额外的鉴别。然而，所有额外的差异是高度或中度抵抗日本发现的所有种族。Chul × Cc8（抗性基因为Pm 3b）对北海道地区鉴定的所有生理小种均表现抗性，对中国地区鉴定的所有生理小种均表现感病。结果表明，所有基本分化的品种都对日本发现的一些小种感病。研究结果为小麦抗白粉病育种提供了依据。也就是说，一个主要的抗性基因应该与其他主要基因，特别是与外来栽培品种或野生近缘种的基因结合使用，除了负责所谓的数量抗性的其他性状，称为缓慢霉变或持久抗性。
Physiologic specialization of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici collected from fields in Japan during 1962, 1967 and 1984-1986 was examined by detached leaf culture method. Seven wheat cultivars carrying a single gene for resistance, Axminster×Cc8, Ulka×Cc8, Asosan×Cc8, Chul×Cc8, Khapli×Cc8, Hope and Sapporo-haru-komugi were used as basic differentials, and twenty races were identified. Taking the distribution of races in Europe and also the breeding program of resistant cultivars into consideration, cultivars, Normandie, Halle Stamm 13471, C.I. 12633, Weihenstephaner M1, Arthur, Vernal, 0224/52 and Transec were used as additional differentials. However, all additional differentials were highly or moderately resistant to all races found in Japan. Chul×Cc8 (resistance gene: Pm3b) was resistant to all races identified in Hokkaido region, and was susceptible to all races in Chugoku region. It was noted that all cultivars in basic differentials were susceptible to some races found in Japan. Evidences obtained in this study indicate the guideline for breeding program of resistant wheat cultivars against powdery mildew disease. Namely, a major gene for resistance should be used in combination with other major gene (s) especially with that of foreign cultivars or wild relatives, in addition to the other trait responsible for so-called quantitative resistance known as slow-mildewing or durable resistance.