Identifying Work Capacity and Promoting Work: A Strategy for Modernizing the SSDI Program
Identifying Work Capacity and Promoting Work: A Strategy for Modernizing the SSDI Program
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DOI：
10.1177/0002716219882354
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Maestas, Nicole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maestas, Nicole
社会保障残疾保险（SSDI）计划为因残疾而无法工作的个人提供收入支持，自20世纪80年代以来，尽管健康，医疗技术和工作功能要求发生了翻天覆地的变化，但没有进行实质性改革。我回顾了SSDI计划是如何工作的，它在案件量和改革方面的历史，以及为未来提供经验教训的研究证据的发现。然后，我提出了两个相互关联的改革，将现代化的核心功能的程序。第一个是改进SSDI确定申请人是否有剩余工作能力的程序，用新的个人工作能力衡量系统取代过时的医疗职业“网格”。第二，我建议采用部分残疾津贴，这将利用衡量工作能力的新制度，使受益人能够将领取联合收割机津贴与工作结合起来。部分福利可以与普遍福利抵消相结合，以进一步鼓励受益人工作，社会保障管理局与工作有关的一系列复杂规则可以取消。
The Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program, which provides income support to individuals who become unable to work because of a disability, has not been substantially reformed since the 1980s, despite sweeping changes in health, medical technology, and the functional requirements of jobs. I review how the SSDI program works, its history in terms of caseloads and reforms, and findings from the research evidence that offer lessons for the future. I then propose two interlocking reforms that would modernize the core functions of the program. The first is to improve SSDI's process for determining whether an applicant has remaining capacity to work by replacing the outdated medical-vocational "grid" with a new system of individual work capacity measurement. Second, I propose the introduction of partial disability benefits, which would make use of the new system for measuring work capacity and allow beneficiaries to combine benefit receipt with work. Partial benefits could be paired with a generalized benefit offset to further encourage work by beneficiaries, and the Social Security Administration's complex array of work-related rules could be eliminated.