Plant-insect interactions: Double-dating associated insect and plant lineages reveals asynchronous radiations
Plant-insect interactions: Double-dating associated insect and plant lineages reveals asynchronous radiations
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DOI：
10.1080/10635150490264996
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Cronk, QCB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Percy, DM;Page, RDM;Cronk, QCB
越来越多的植物-昆虫系统发育研究表明，在植物-昆虫系统中共物种形成事件是罕见的。相反，系统发育一致性的非随机模式是由遗传上保守的宿主转换（到相关植物）或跟踪特定的资源或性状（如植物）产生的。例如，在一个实施例中，化学）。在许多植食性昆虫群体中，宿主转换的优势可能会使真正的共物种形成事件的检测变得困难。一个重要的测试假定的共同物种形成的事件是验证是否互惠物种形成是时间上合理的。我们探索了植物和昆虫生殖的双重定年技术。我们使用过时的木虱（半翅目）-染料木亚科（豆科）系统，主要是单食性昆虫-植物协会广泛分布在大西洋Macaronesian岛屿的分子生物学。系统发育和解分析表明，豆类和木虱之间的平行分支发生水平高。然而，使用分子钟对Macaronesian群岛已知的地质年龄进行校准，发现豆类和木虱辐射不是同时发生的，而是连续的。主要的植物辐射发生在大约800万年前，而昆虫辐射发生在大约300万年前。我们估计，超过60%的木虱物种形成是由相关宿主之间的宿主转换引起的。真正的物种共存的唯一证据是在加那利群岛更近的和本地化的辐射genistoid豆类，木虱和豆类辐射已部分同期。然而，在这段时间内，特定的共同物种形成事件的识别，阻碍了豆科植物和木虱属植物的系统发育的不确定性，由于明显的快速的物种辐射。
An increasing number of plant-insect studies using phylogenetic analysis suggest that cospeciation events are rare in plant - insect systems. Instead, nonrandom patterns of phylogenetic congruence are produced by phylogenetically conserved host switching ( to related plants) or tracking of particular resources or traits ( e. g., chemical). The dominance of host switching in many phytophagous insect groups may make the detection of genuine cospeciation events difficult. One important test of putative cospeciation events is to verify whether reciprocal speciation is temporally plausible. We explored techniques for double-dating of both plant and insect phylogenies. We use dated molecular phylogenies of a psyllid (Hemiptera) - Genisteae (Fabaceae) system, a predominantly monophagous insect - plant association widespread on the Atlantic Macaronesian islands. Phylogenetic reconciliation analysis suggests high levels of parallel cladogenesis between legumes and psyllids. However, dating using molecular clocks calibrated on known geological ages of the Macaronesian islands revealed that the legume and psyllid radiations were not contemporaneous but sequential. Whereas the main plant radiation occurred some 8 million years ago, the insect radiation occurred about 3 million years ago. We estimated that >60% of the psyllid speciation has resulted from host switching between related hosts. The only evidence for true cospeciation is in the much more recent and localized radiation of genistoid legumes in the Canary Islands, where the psyllid and legume radiations have been partially contemporaneous. The identification of specific cospeciation events over this time period, however, is hindered by the phylogenetic uncertainty in both legume and psyllid phylogenies due to the apparent rapidity of the species radiations.