Host immunity and vaccine development to coccidia and Salmonella infections in chickens.
Host immunity and vaccine development to coccidia and Salmonella infections in chickens.
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DOI：
10.2141/jpsa.40.151
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Okamura, Masashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lillehoj, Hyun;Okamura, Masashi
在过去的几十年里，集约化饲养实践已经发展到与家禽提供的高质量，低成本蛋白质来源的需求不断增长的步伐。例如，鸡通常在恶劣条件下的拥挤环境中饲养，而具有快速生长、高蛋白质/脂肪含量和上级产蛋特性的鸡品种已被遗传选择。这些做法的一个主要负面后果是疾病发病率增加。特别是肠道疾病已经成为威胁家禽业未来生存的主要问题。在商业环境中，已经使用了各种方法来防治禽类疾病，包括改进农场管理做法、使用抗生素药物、选择抗病鸡种和操纵鸡的免疫系统。在后一类中，开发针对主要禽类疾病的疫苗已成为家禽业的优先事项。为了开发实用的疫苗和针对肠道病原体的新的控制策略，全面了解宿主肠道免疫系统和导致保护的宿主-微生物相互作用的基本免疫生物学是必要的。家禽遗传学和功能基因组学技术的最新进展将有助于在未来十年内制定合理的家禽肠道疾病控制策略。本文将重点介绍艾美耳球虫和沙门氏菌感染的宿主免疫学和疫苗策略的最新进展。
Within the past few decades, intensive rearing practices have been developed to keep pace with the increasing demand for the high quality, low cost protein source that poultry provides. For example, chickens are housed routinely in crowded environments under adverse conditions and chicken strains with rapid growth, high protein-to-fat content and superior egg laying characteristics have been genetically selected. A major negative consequence of these practices has been an increase in the incidence of diseases. Enteric diseases in particular have emerged as a major problem threatening the future viability of the poultry industry. A variety of methods have been used to combat avian diseases in the commercial setting including improved farm management practices, use of antibiotic drugs, selection of disease resistant chicken strains and manipulation of the chicken immune system. In the latter category, development of vaccines against the major avian diseases has become a priority in the poultry industry. For the development of practical vaccines and new control strategies against enteric pathogens, comprehensive understanding of host intestinal immune system and basic immunobiology of host-microbes interactions leading to the protection is necessary. Recent progress in poultry genetics and functional genomics technology would facilitate the development of logical control strategies against enteric diseases of poultry in the coming decade. This paper will highlight recent progress in host immunobiology and vaccine strategies to Eimeria and Salmonella infections.