Salinity Variation in a Mangrove Ecosystem: A Physiological Investigation to Assess Potential Consequences of Salinity Disturbances on Mangrove Crabs.
Salinity Variation in a Mangrove Ecosystem: A Physiological Investigation to Assess Potential Consequences of Salinity Disturbances on Mangrove Crabs.
复制标题
红树林生态系统中的盐度变化：评估盐度干扰对红树林蟹潜在后果的生理调查。
DOI：
10.6620/zs.2018.57-36
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
E. Sucré
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dimitri Theuerkauff;G. Rivera;Jonathan A. C. Roques;Laurence Azzopardi;M. Bertini;Mathilde Lejeune;E. Farcy;Jehan;E. Sucré
Dimitri Theuerkauff，Georgina A.Rivera-Ingraham，Jonathan A.C.Roque，Laurence Azzopardi，Marine Bertini，Mathilde Lejeune，Emily ie Farcy，Jehan-HervéLignot和Elliott Sucré(2018)盐度是决定沿海物种分布的主要环境因素之一。然而，在红树林蟹的具体情况下，盐度选择不能仅通过生态方法来理解。然而，在红树林保护的背景下，理解这个问题是至关重要的，因为这个生态系统经常被用作(低盐度)废水的生物过滤器。螃蟹是红树林生态系统中的关键物种，受盐度的影响不同。我们推测，蟹类的盐度选择可能部分是由特定的盐度诱导的与渗透调节、能量和氧化还原动态平衡相关的生理限制所解释的。为了验证这一点，分析了两种陆地红树蟹对盐度变化的反应：生活在红树林低盐度地区的圆尾蟹和生活在盐度较高地区的红树蟹Neosarmatium meinti。结果证实，这两个物种都是很强的低渗透/高渗透调节因子，很容易处理较大的盐度变化。盐度的这种变化不会引起能量消耗(以耗氧量衡量)或产生活性氧物种的变化。然而，在生理上，杜氏梭鱼适合于微咸水的生境，因为它表现出：(1)在更广泛的盐度范围内血淋巴渗透压高，而在海水中的渗透调节能力低；(2)在后渗透调节鳃中具有高的Na+/K+-ATPase(NKA)活性；(3)沿后鳃薄层有较厚的渗透调节上皮。因此，虽然环境盐度本身不能直接解释红树林蟹类的分布，但我们的数据表明，盐度选择确实受到特定生理调节的影响。
Dimitri Theuerkauff, Georgina A. Rivera-Ingraham, Jonathan A.C. Roques, Laurence Azzopardi, Marine Bertini, Mathilde Lejeune, Emilie Farcy, Jehan-Hervé Lignot, and Elliott Sucré (2018) Salinity is one of the main environmental factors determining coastal species distribution. However, in the specific case of mangrove crabs, salinity selection cannot be understood through ecological approaches alone. Yet understanding this issue is crucial in the context of mangrove conservation, since this ecosystem is often used as biofilter of (low- salinity) wastewater. Crabs are keystone species in this mangrove ecosystem and are differentially affected by salinity. We hypothesize that crab salinity selection may be partly explained by specific salinity-induced physiological constraints associated with osmoregulation, energy and redox homeostasis. To test this, the response to salinity variation was analysed in two landward mangrove crabs: the fiddler crab Tubuca urvillei, which inhabits low-salinity areas of the mangrove, and the red mangrove crab Neosarmatium meinerti, which lives in areas with higher salinity. Results confirm that both species are strong hypo-/hyper-osmoregulators that deal easily with large salinity variations. Such shifts in salinity do not induce changes in energy expenditure (measured as oxygen consumption) or in the production of reactive oxygen species. However, T. urvillei is physiologically suited to habitats with brackish water, since it presents i) high hemolymph osmolalities over a wider range of salinities and lower osmoregulatory capacity in seawater, ii) high Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity in the posterior osmoregulatory gills and iii) a thicker osmoregulatory epithelium along the posterior gill lamellae. Therefore, while environmental salinity alone cannot directly explain fiddler and red mangrove crab distributions, our data suggest that salinity selection is indeed influenced by specific physiological adjustments.