Examining harmful impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and school closures on parents and carers in the United Kingdom: A rapid review.
Examining harmful impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and school closures on parents and carers in the United Kingdom: A rapid review.
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DOI：
10.1002/jcv2.12095
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发表时间：
2022-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Creswell, Cathy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christie, Hope;Hiscox, Lucy V;Halligan, Sarah L;Creswell, Cathy
由于COVID - 19大流行，学校关闭意味着对许多家庭来说，家庭和学校环境交织在一起。父母和照顾者发现他们实际上扮演了教育者的角色，同时还要平衡在家工作和照顾其他家庭成员。全面了解家长和照顾者在学校关闭期间所造成的影响，对于识别和支持弱势家庭至关重要。这项快速审查旨在评估COVID - 19大流行对英国父母和照顾者的潜在影响的现有证据。在2021年4月21日至28日期间，使用Proquest Central、Scopus和谷歌Scholar进行学术文献检索，检索词描述为“父母和照顾者”、“COVID - 19”和“UK”。在相关的父母和照顾者组织的网站上发现了其他文献，包括慈善报告。在英国发现了32篇与影响父母和照顾者的危害相关的文章。高水平的心理困扰，包括焦虑和抑郁，在一般父母人群中被一致发现，特别是在照顾有特殊教育需求和/或神经发育障碍（SEN/ND）儿童的父母中。慈善报告显示，许多父母，尤其是少数民族背景的父母和亲属照顾者，经济状况更差，食品不安全，而经验证据表明，与父亲或没有孩子的女性相比，母亲更有可能为自己申请休假。家庭虐待支助服务也报告说，在封锁期间需求急剧增加，从业人员报告说，儿童和青少年对父母的暴力行为有所增加。鉴于父母压力、心理健康问题、家庭暴力和经济困难对儿童发展的已知影响，在未来发生流行病时，必须考虑到这些调查结果，以尽量减少对父母及其家庭的伤害。由于COVID - 19大流行，由于学校关闭和日常生活中断，鼓励家庭留在家中。目前的快速审查调查了这些中断对英国各地父母和照顾者的影响。结果发现了一些影响，包括父母的心理健康、家庭暴力和经济困难，所有这些都可能对儿童的发展产生重大影响。
As a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic, school closures meant that for many households, home and school environments became intertwined. Parents and carers found themselves taking on the role as de‐facto educators, as well as balancing working from home and caring for additional members of the household. Understanding the full extent of the effects incurred by parents and carers during school closures is vital to identifying and supporting vulnerable families. This rapid review aimed to appraise the available evidence on the potential effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on UK parents and carers. Searches for academic literature were conducted using Proquest Central, Scopus, and Google Scholar between 21st and 28th April 2021 using search terms describing “parents and carers”, “COVID‐19” and the “UK”. Additional literature was identified on relevant parents and carers' organisations websites including charity reports. Thirty‐two articles were found relating to harms affecting parents and carers in the UK High levels of psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, were consistently identified in the general parent population, and especially in parents caring for a child with special educational needs and/or neurodevelopmental disorders (SEN/ND). Charity reports indicated that many parents, especially those from an ethnic minority background and kinship carers, were worse off financially and with food insecurities, whereas empirical evidence showed that mothers were more likely to initiate furlough for themselves compared with fathers or childless women. Domestic abuse support services also reported a sharp rise in demand during lockdown restrictions, and practitioners reported an increase in child and adolescent violence towards parents. Given the known impacts of parental stress, mental health problems, domestic violence and financial hardship on children's development, it is critical that these findings are taken into account in case of future pandemics to minimise harms both to parents and their families. As a result of the COVID‐19 Pandemic families were encouraged to stay at home as the result of school closures and disruption to daily routine. The current rapid review investigates the impact of these disruptions on parents and caregivers across the United Kingdom. Results found a number of impacts including parent mental health, domestic violence and financial hardship, all of which can have substantial effects on children's development.