Toxicity and degradability of nitrophenols in anaerobic systems
Toxicity and degradability of nitrophenols in anaerobic systems
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DOI：
10.2175/106143097x125290
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发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Bhattacharya, SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Uberoi, V;Bhattacharya, SK
硝基酚是最重要和最通用的工业有机化合物之一，广泛用于化学工业，并被美国EPA列为优先污染物。采用分批血清瓶研究了3种硝基酚（2-硝基酚、4-硝基酚和2，4-二硝基酚）在厌氧乙酸和丙酸富集系统中的毒性效应和降解性。对丙酸盐和乙酸盐体系的毒性依次为2，4-二硝基苯酚> 4-硝基苯酚> 2-硝基苯酚。上流式固定膜乙酸盐进料反应器能够适应20 mg/L的2-和4-硝基苯酚，显示每种硝基苯酚的去除率为95%。使用血清瓶进行厌氧毒性测定，设计挥发性悬浮固体（VSS）浓度为500，1000和1500 mg/L的生物量的影响进行了研究。随着VSS的增加，硝基酚类化合物对甲烷生成的毒性作用减弱。硝基酚对乙酸盐利用的抑制作用大于丙酸盐利用。在厌氧条件下，2-硝基苯酚和2，4-二硝基苯酚分别被非生物和生物转化为2-氨基苯酚和2-氨基，4-硝基苯酚。丙酸盐富集培养中丙酸盐的存在增强了所有三种硝基酚的去除率。
Nitrophenols are among the most important and versatile industrial organic compounds and are widely used in the chemical industry and are listed as priority pollutants by the U.S. EPA. The toxic effects and degradability of three selected nitrophenols (2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol) in anaerobic acetate and propionate enrichment systems were studied using batch serum bottles. The toxicity to both propionate- and acetate-fed systems decreased in the following order: 2,4-dinitrophenol > 4-nitrophenol > 2-nitrophenol. An up-flow fixed film, acetate-fed reactor was able to acclimate to 20 mg/L of 2- and 4-nitrophenol showing a 95% removal of each nitrophenol. The effect of biomass was studied using serum bottles for anaerobic toxicity assays with the design volatile suspended solids (VSS) concentrations of 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/L. With higher VSS the toxic effects of nitrophenols on methanogenesis were less severe. Nitrophenols were more inhibitory to acetate utilization than propionate utilization. Under anaerobic conditions, 2-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol were transformed both abiotically and biotically to 2-aminophenol and 2-amino,4-nitrophenol, respectively. The presence of propionate in propionate enrichment culture enhanced the removal rates of all three nitrophenols studied.