Rewarding Volunteers: A Field Experiment
Rewarding Volunteers: A Field Experiment
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DOI：
10.1287/mnsc.2013.1826
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Slonim, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lacetera, Nicola;Macis, Mario;Slonim, Robert
我们与美国红十字会（ARC）进行了一项实地实验，研究经济激励对志愿者活动的影响。实验的目的是评估当地和短期的影响，以及空间和时间的替代，异质性和溢出效应。提供5美元，10美元和15美元礼品卡献血的受试者更有可能献血，并且更有可能获得更高的奖励价值。这些激励措施还导致空间位移和捐赠活动时间的短期变化，但没有长期影响。许多影响在人群中也是异质的。我们还发现了一种溢出效应，即通过官方ARC渠道告知一些人奖励，导致其他未被正式告知的人更有可能捐赠。因此，激励对亲社会行为的影响不仅包括直接的局部效应，还包括空间位移、社会溢出和显著的异质性。我们讨论了这些研究结果的影响，组织的活动，依靠志愿者提供的关键投入或产品，以及政府机构和公共政策。
We conducted a field experiment with the American Red Cross (ARC) to study the effects of economic incentives on volunteer activities. The experiment was designed to assess local and short-term effects as well as spatial and temporal substitution, heterogeneity, and spillovers. Subjects offered $5, $10, and $15 gift cards to give blood were more likely to donate and more so for the higher reward values. The incentives also led to spatial displacement and a short-term shift in the timing of donation activity, but they had no long-term effects. Many of the effects were also heterogeneous in the population. We also detected a spillover effect whereby informing some individuals of rewards through official ARC channels led others who were not officially informed to be more likely to donate. Thus, the effect of incentives on prosocial behavior includes not only the immediate local effects but also spatial displacement, social spillovers, and dramatic heterogeneity. We discuss the implications of these findings for organizations with activities that rely on volunteers for the supply of key inputs or products as well as for government agencies and public policy.