Probing entanglement in a many-body-localized system
Probing entanglement in a many-body-localized system
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aau0818
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发表时间：
2019-04-19
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Greiner, Markus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lukin, Alexander;Rispoli, Matthew;Greiner, Markus
一个受无序影响的相互作用量子系统可能由于其组成部分的局域化而停止热化，从而标志着热力学的失效。理解这一现象的关键在于系统的纠缠，而纠缠在实验上难以测量。我们在一个无序的玻色 - 哈伯德链中实现了这样一个多体局域化系统，并通过粒子涨落和关联来表征其纠缠特性。我们观察到粒子变得局域化，抑制了输运并阻止了子系统的热化。值得注意的是，我们测量了非局域关联的发展，其演化与纠缠熵的对数增长一致，这是多体局域化的标志。我们的工作通过实验确立了多体局域化是一种与非相互作用无序系统中的局域化在性质上截然不同的现象。
An interacting quantum system that is subject to disorder may cease to thermalize owing to localization of its constituents, thereby marking the breakdown of thermodynamics. The key to understanding this phenomenon lies in the system's entanglement, which is experimentally challenging to measure. We realize such a many-body-localized system in a disordered Bose-Hubbard chain and characterize its entanglement properties through particle fluctuations and correlations. We observe that the particles become localized, suppressing transport and preventing the thermalization of subsystems. Notably, we measure the development of nonlocal correlations, whose evolution is consistent with a logarithmic growth of entanglement entropy, the hallmark of many-body localization. Our work experimentally establishes many-body localization as a qualitatively distinct phenomenon from localization in noninteracting, disordered systems.