Epidemiological perspectives on Hendra virus infection in horses and flying foxes
Epidemiological perspectives on Hendra virus infection in horses and flying foxes
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1751-0813.2007.00170.x
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Summers, P. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Field, H. E.;Breed, A. C.;Summers, P. M.
布里斯班赛马马厩里的纯种马。该综合征的特点是严重的呼吸症状和高死亡率。一种以前未描述过的副粘病毒科病毒（最初命名为马麻疹病毒）被确定为致病因子。该病毒后来以爆发疫情的布里斯班郊区命名为亨德拉病毒。20匹受感染的马中有13匹死亡，一名马夫和一名驯兽师被感染，后者是致命的。狐蝠属（狐蝠科）的果蝠，俗称狐蝠，随后被证明可能是亨德拉病毒的宿主，也是马的假定感染源。2,3第二次确定的马暴发（涉及昆士兰州中部麦凯附近的两匹纯种马的致命感染）实际上早于布里斯班暴发数周，但在15个月后因亨德拉病毒导致的种马主人死亡后才被回顾性发现。已知的第三起事件是1999年1月发生在昆士兰北部凯恩斯地区的一匹9岁纯种马的死亡病例。没有涉及人类病例。在昆士兰北部发生的两例马中亨德拉病毒感染（或可能感染）的新病例，如下所述，促使我们对马和飞狐中亨德拉病毒感染的流行病学方面进行回顾。2004年10月25日，一匹10岁的纯种马（病例a）在急性疾病后死亡，它是凯恩斯以南26公里处5.6公顷半农村财产中的八匹马之一。在观察的24小时临床过程中，据报道，这匹马“脸色不佳”，表现出坐立不安、食欲不振、大量出汗和呼吸困难增加。经兽医检查，
Thoroughbred horses in a Brisbane racing stable. The syndrome was characterised by severe respiratory signs and high mortality. A previously undescribed virus of the family Paramyxoviridae, initially named equine morbillivirus, was identified as the causal agent. 1 The virus was later renamed Hendra virus after the Brisbane suburb where the outbreak occurred. Thirteen of 20 infected horses died, and a stablehand and the trainer were infected, the latter fatally. Fruit bats of the genus Pteropus (family Pteropodidae), colloquially known as flying foxes, were subsequently shown to be the likely reservoir host of Hendra virus and the putative source of infection for horses. 2, 3 The second identified outbreak in horses (involving the fatal infection of two horses on a Thoroughbred stud near Mackay in central Queensland) actually preceded the Brisbane outbreak by several weeks but was identified retrospectively after the Hendra virus–attributed death of the stud owner 15 months later. 4, 5 The third known incident involved a single fatal case in a 9-year-old Thoroughbred mare in the Cairns region of northern Queensland in January 1999. 6 No human cases were involved. Two new cases of Hendra virus infection (or probable infection) in horses in northern Queensland, described below, prompt this review of epidemiological aspects of Hendra virus infection in horses and flying foxes.On 25 October 2004, a 10-year-old Thoroughbred gelding (Case A), one of eight horses on a 5.6 ha semi-rural property 26 km south of Cairns, died after an acute illness. During an observed 24 h clinical course, the horse was reported to be ‘off colour’, exhibiting restlessness, inappetence, profuse sweating and increased respiratory effort. On veterinary examination,