Gamete fusion is required to block multiple pollen tubes from entering an Arabidopsis ovule.
Gamete fusion is required to block multiple pollen tubes from entering an Arabidopsis ovule.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2012.04.041
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发表时间：
2012-06-19
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Johnson, Mark A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beale, Kristin M.;Leydon, Alexander R.;Johnson, Mark A.
在双受精过程中，两个不动的精子通过花粉管进入胚珠，这是显花植物特有的生殖系统。一个精子与卵子融合产生受精卵，另一个精子与中央细胞融合产生胚乳。一种防止多个花粉管进入胚珠的机制将确保只有两个精子被传递给雌性配子。我们使用活细胞成像和一种新的混合授粉试验，可以检测多个花粉管和多套精子在一个胚珠内，以表明拟南芥有效地防止多个花粉管进入胚珠。然而，当配子融合缺陷型hap2（gcs1）或duo1精子被运送到胚珠时，会吸引多达三个额外的花粉管。当配子融合失败时，两个吸引花粉管的助细胞中的一个继续存在，使胚珠能够吸引更多的花粉管成功受精。这种机制防止了一对以上的精子输送到胚珠，提供了一种挽救接受了缺陷精子的胚珠受精的手段，并通过将花粉管分配到所有胚珠来确保最大的生殖成功。
In double fertilization, a reproductive system unique to flowering plants, two immotile sperm are delivered to an ovule by a pollen tube. One sperm fuses with the egg to generate a zygote, the other with the central cell to produce endosperm. A mechanism preventing multiple pollen tubes from entering an ovule would ensure that only two sperm are delivered to female gametes. We use live-cell imaging and a novel mixed-pollination assay that can detect multiple pollen tubes and multiple sets of sperm within a single ovule to show that Arabidopsis efficiently prevents multiple pollen tubes from entering an ovule. However, when gamete-fusion defective hap2(gcs1) or duo1 sperm are delivered to ovules as many as three additional pollen tubes are attracted. When gamete fusion fails, one of two pollen tube-attracting synergid cells persists, enabling the ovule to attract more pollen tubes for successful fertilization. This mechanism prevents the delivery of more than one pair of sperm to an ovule, provides a means of salvaging fertilization in ovules that have received defective sperm, and ensures maximum reproductive success by distributing pollen tubes to all ovules.
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