SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: Characteristics and prevention.
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: Characteristics and prevention.
复制标题
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron 变种：特征和预防
作者：
He X;Hong W;Pan X;Lu G;Wei X
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）给全球公共卫生带来巨大威胁。最近，南非报告了一种新的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）变体B.1.1.529，并导致COVID-19病例迅速增加。2021年11月24日，名为Omicron的B.1.1.529被世界卫生组织（WHO）指定为受监测的变体（VUM）。两天后，Omicron变种被列为关注变种（VOC）。该变体含有大量突变，包括刺突受体结合结构域（RBD）中的15个突变。Omicron变异体还与之前的VOC α、β和γ变异体共享几个突变，这立即引起了全球对病毒传播性、致病性和免疫逃避的担忧。本文介绍了Omicron变异体的发现及其特征，比较了5种挥发性有机化合物的突变情况，并进一步提出了预防和克服Omicron变异体流行的可能策略。Delta变体在受体结合结构域（RBD）中具有L452 R和T478 K突变，而Omicron变体的RBD中累积了15个突变。在这些取代中，一堆残基位于结合的血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE 2）受体附近。
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has brought about a great threat to global public health. Recently, a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) variant B.1.1.529 has been reported in South Africa and induced a rapid increase in COVID‐19 cases. On November 24, 2021, B.1.1.529 named Omicron was designated as a variant under monitoring (VUM) by World Health Organization (WHO). Two days later, the Omicron variant was classified as a variant of concern (VOC). This variant harbors a high number of mutations, including 15 mutations in the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of spike. The Omicron variant also shares several mutations with the previous VOC Alpha, Beta, and Gamma variants, which immediately raised global concerns about viral transmissibility, pathogenicity, and immune evasion. Here we described the discovery and characteristics of the Omicron variant, compared the mutations of the spike in the five VOCs, and further raised possible strategies to prevent and overcome the prevalence of the Omicron variant. Delta variant possesses the L452R and T478K mutations in the receptor‐binding domain (RBD), while 15 mutations have been accumulated in the RBD of the Omicron variant. Among these substitutions, a bunch of residues are located nearby the bound angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor.
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DOI：
10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.21.2100438
发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
影响因子：
--
作者：
Martínez-Baz I;Miqueleiz A;Casado I;Navascués A;Trobajo-Sanmartín C;Burgui C;Guevara M;Ezpeleta C;Castilla J;Working Group for the Study of COVID-19 in Navarra
通讯作者：
Working Group for the Study of COVID-19 in Navarra
DOI：
10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.39.2100894
发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
影响因子：
--
作者：
Martínez-Baz I;Trobajo-Sanmartín C;Miqueleiz A;Guevara M;Fernández-Huerta M;Burgui C;Casado I;Portillo ME;Navascués A;Ezpeleta C;Castilla J;Working Group for the Study of COVID-19 in Navarre;Investigators, other members of the Working Group for the Study of COVID-19 in Navarre
通讯作者：
Investigators, other members of the Working Group for the Study of COVID-19 in Navarre
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2114255
发表时间：
2021-10-07
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bar-On YM;Goldberg Y;Mandel M;Bodenheimer O;Freedman L;Kalkstein N;Mizrahi B;Alroy-Preis S;Ash N;Milo R;Huppert A
通讯作者：
Huppert A
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Korber, Bette;Fischer, Will M.;Montefiori, David C.
通讯作者：
Montefiori, David C.
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2106599
发表时间：
2021-12-16
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Pilishvili T;Gierke R;Fleming-Dutra KE;Farrar JL;Mohr NM;Talan DA;Krishnadasan A;Harland KK;Smithline HA;Hou PC;Lee LC;Lim SC;Moran GJ;Krebs E;Steele MT;Beiser DG;Faine B;Haran JP;Nandi U;Schrading WA;Chinnock B;Henning DJ;Lovecchio F;Lee J;Barter D;Brackney M;Fridkin SK;Marceaux-Galli K;Lim S;Phipps EC;Dumyati G;Pierce R;Markus TM;Anderson DJ;Debes AK;Lin MY;Mayer J;Kwon JH;Safdar N;Fischer M;Singleton R;Chea N;Magill SS;Verani JR;Schrag SJ;Vaccine Effectiveness among Healthcare Personnel Study Team
通讯作者：
Vaccine Effectiveness among Healthcare Personnel Study Team