Utilization of (134)Cs/(137)Cs in the environment to identify the reactor units that caused atmospheric releases during the Fukushima Daiichi accident.
Utilization of (134)Cs/(137)Cs in the environment to identify the reactor units that caused atmospheric releases during the Fukushima Daiichi accident.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep31376
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发表时间：
2016-08-22
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Nishizawa Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chino M;Terada H;Nagai H;Katata G;Mikami S;Torii T;Saito K;Nishizawa Y
通过分析地表测量的 134Cs/137Cs 沉积物以及大气传输和沉积模拟的组合，分别识别了 2011 年 3 月 12 日至 21 日期间产生大量空气排放物的福岛第一核电站反应堆机组。由于燃料燃耗差异，反应堆单元中的 134Cs/137Cs 值也不同，因此使用在环境中测量的 134Cs/137Cs 比率来确定哪个反应堆单元最终污染了特定区域。大气扩散模型模拟用于预测受每种主要释放污染的特定区域。最后，通过比较两个来源的结果，可以确定产生最主要大气释放量的特定反应器单元。主要源反应堆机组为2011年3月12日下午的1号机组，以及3月14日深夜至2011年3月15日上午期间的2号机组。这些结果与我们之前源项估计研究中的假设相符。此外，新的发现表明，2011年3月15日晚间的主要源反应堆是2号和3号机组，2011年3月20日的主要源反应堆暂时从3号机组改为2号机组。
The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power reactor units that generated large amounts of airborne discharges during the period of March 12–21, 2011 were identified individually by analyzing the combination of measured 134Cs/137Cs depositions on ground surfaces and atmospheric transport and deposition simulations. Because the values of 134Cs/137Cs are different in reactor units owing to fuel burnup differences, the 134Cs/137Cs ratio measured in the environment was used to determine which reactor unit ultimately contaminated a specific area. Atmospheric dispersion model simulations were used for predicting specific areas contaminated by each dominant release. Finally, by comparing the results from both sources, the specific reactor units that yielded the most dominant atmospheric release quantities could be determined. The major source reactor units were Unit 1 in the afternoon of March 12, 2011, Unit 2 during the period from the late night of March 14 to the morning of March 15, 2011. These results corresponded to those assumed in our previous source term estimation studies. Furthermore, new findings suggested that the major source reactors from the evening of March 15, 2011 were Units 2 and 3 and that the dominant source reactor on March 20, 2011 temporally changed from Unit 3 to Unit 2.