QUANTUM-STATISTICAL METASTABILITY
QUANTUM-STATISTICAL METASTABILITY
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.46.388
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
AFFLECK, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
AFFLECK, I
考虑一个因量子隧穿和热力学涨落而变得不稳定的系统。在温度Γ为1的情况下，隧穿速率β−与自由能F的关系为Γ=(2ℏ)Im F，而经典逃逸速率为Γ=(ωβπ)Im F，−ω2为鞍点处的负本征值。建立了亚稳的一般理论，其中这些公式分别适用于ωℏ2π以下和以上的温度，且过渡区较窄，为O(ℏ3 2)。
Consider a system rendered unstable by both quantum tunneling and thermodynamic fluctuation. The tunneling rate Γ, at temperature β− 1, is related to the free energy F by Γ=(2 ℏ) Im F. However, the classical escape rate is Γ=(ω β π) Im F,− ω 2 being the negative eigenvalue at the saddle point. A general theory of metastability is constructed in which these formulas are true for temperatures, respectively, below and above ω ℏ 2 π with a narrow transition region of O (ℏ 3 2).