Parallel processing by cortical inhibition enables context-dependent behavior.
Parallel processing by cortical inhibition enables context-dependent behavior.
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感官刺激的物理特征是固定的，但感官知觉依赖于上下文。控制语境调节的精确机制仍然未知。在这里，我们训练小鼠在两种情况下切换：被动地听纯音与对相同刺激执行识别任务。双光子成像显示，在行为过程中，听觉皮层的许多兴奋性神经元受到抑制，而一些细胞变得更加活跃。全细胞记录显示，兴奋性输入只受到环境的适度影响，但抑制更敏感，PV，SOM+和VIP+中间神经元平衡网络内的抑制/去抑制。胆碱能调节参与了情境转换，胆碱能轴突在行为过程中增加活性，并直接使抑制细胞去极化。网络建模捕捉到了这些发现，但只有当调制巧合地驱动所有三种中间神经元亚型时，才排除了抑制或去抑制单独作为主动参与的唯一机制。因此，皮层中间神经元对胆碱能调节的并行处理使得情境依赖性行为成为可能。
Physical features of sensory stimuli are fixed, but sensory perception is context-dependent. The precise mechanisms that govern contextual modulation remain unknown. Here, we trained mice to switch between two contexts: passively listening to pure tones vs. performing a recognition task for the same stimuli. Two-photon imaging showed that many excitatory neurons in auditory cortex were suppressed, while some cells became more active during behavior. Whole-cell recordings showed that excitatory inputs were only modestly affected by context, but inhibition was more sensitive, with PV, SOM+, and VIP+ interneurons balancing inhibition/disinhibition within the network. Cholinergic modulation was involved in context-switching, with cholinergic axons increasing activity during behavior and directly depolarizing inhibitory cells. Network modeling captured these findings, but only when modulation coincidently drove all three interneuron subtypes, ruling out either inhibition or disinhibition alone as sole mechanism for active engagement. Parallel processing of cholinergic modulation by cortical interneurons therefore enables context-dependent behavior.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1247485
发表时间：
2014-02-21
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lovett-Barron M;Kaifosh P;Kheirbek MA;Danielson N;Zaremba JD;Reardon TR;Turi GF;Hen R;Zemelman BV;Losonczy A
通讯作者：
Losonczy A
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Jaramillo, Santiago;Borges, Katharine;Zador, Anthony M.
通讯作者：
Zador, Anthony M.
影响因子：
25
作者：
Lee, Soohyun;Kruglikov, Illya;Huang, Z. Josh;Fishell, Gord;Rudy, Bernardo
通讯作者：
Rudy, Bernardo
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
HUBEL, DH;HENSON, CO;GALAMBOS, R
通讯作者：
GALAMBOS, R
影响因子：
25
作者：
Kawai, Hideki;Lazar, Ronit;Metherate, Raju
通讯作者：
Metherate, Raju