Elimination of measles and of disparities in measles childhood vaccine coverage among racial and ethnic minority populations in the United States
Elimination of measles and of disparities in measles childhood vaccine coverage among racial and ethnic minority populations in the United States
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DOI：
10.1086/379651
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发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Bernier, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hutchins, SS;Jiles, R;Bernier, R
1970年，白色和非白色儿童麻疹疫苗接种率的差距高达18%。在1989-1991年麻疹流行期间，非白人儿童的发病率！5岁儿童的患病率是白色儿童的4- 7倍。由于这一流行病以及已知的疫苗覆盖率和疾病风险方面的差异，美国实施了一项双重战略来消除麻疹：可能覆盖大多数儿童的普遍干预措施和更可能覆盖非白人儿童的有针对性的干预措施。1992年，白色儿童和非白色儿童之间的覆盖率差距差距缩小到6%（1985年为15%）;非白色儿童的患病风险缩小到小于或等于白色儿童的4倍。在1990年代，进一步实施双重战略，使疫苗覆盖率的差距缩小到2%，并消除了所有种族和族裔人口中的地方病。这一双重战略值得卫生专业人员和政策制定者在制定方案以实现2010年健康人民目标以消除其他健康差距时进行仔细审查。
The gap in measles vaccine coverage between white and nonwhite children was as large as 18% in 1970. During the measles epidemic of 1989-1991, attack rates among nonwhite children ! 5 years of age were 4- to 7-fold higher than rates among white children. Because of the epidemic and of the known disparity in vaccine coverage and risk of disease, a dual strategy to eliminate measles in the United States was implemented: universal interventions likely to reach the majority of children and targeted interventions more likely to reach nonwhite children. In 1992, the gap in coverage between white and nonwhite children was reduced to 6% ( from 15% in 1985); the risk of disease among nonwhite children was narrowed to less than or equal to4-fold the risk of white children. During the 1990s, further implementation of the dual strategy resulted in narrowing the gap in vaccine coverage to 2% and elimination of endemic disease in all racial and ethnic populations. This dual strategy deserves close scrutiny by health professionals and policy makers in devising programs to meet the Healthy People 2010 objectives for the elimination of other health disparities.