Exploring the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers and general population using health belief model
Exploring the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers and general population using health belief model
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DOI：
10.1111/jep.13581
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发表时间：
2021-05-07
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Sorofman, Bernard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Al-Metwali, Basma Zuheir;Al-Jumaili, Ali Azeez;Sorofman, Bernard
基本原理、目的和目标对接种COVID-19疫苗的犹豫知之甚少。本研究的目的是（1）评估医护人员（HCW）和普通人群对COVID-19疫苗的看法，（2）使用健康信念模型（HBM）评估影响疫苗接种接受度的因素，（3）定性探讨促进疫苗接种的干预策略。根据2020年12月1日至19日在伊拉克收集的电子调查数据进行的部分研究。电子调查是使用Qualtrics设计的。HBM被用来开发调查项目。回归分析用于确定影响人们接受疫苗接种的因素。主题分析参与者的意见，一个开放式的question.Results共收到1680完成的调查。平均年龄为31.2 ± 9.9岁，53.0%为女性，47.0%为男性。最大的群体是医务工作者（45.7%），其次是普通人群（37.5%）和卫生学院学生（16.8%）。我们的调查结果显示，接受COVID-19疫苗的比例为61. 7%，显示出一些犹豫。与普通人群相比，医护人员对COVID-19感染的易感性和严重程度明显更高。HCW比一般人群更有可能接种COVID-19疫苗。对适当储存的担忧是接收疫苗的最大障碍。回归分析表明，预防措施、感知效益、感知障碍、行动提示、主观规范、总体上支持接种疫苗和之前接种过流感疫苗等8个因素与接种COVID-19疫苗的意愿显著相关。结论宣传活动可以集中在提高疫苗感知效益、消除误解和增加疾病感知严重性上。此外，公共卫生领导人需要通过提供疫苗和安抚人们对疫苗储存、有效性和不良事件的担忧来最大限度地减少感知障碍。
Rationale, aims and objectives Little is known about hesitancy to receive the COVID-19 vaccines. The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the perceptions of healthcare workers (HCWs) and the general population regarding the COVID-19 vaccines, (2) to evaluate factors influencing the acceptance of vaccination using the health belief model (HBM), and (3) to qualitatively explore the suggested intervention strategies to promote the vaccination.Methods This was a cross-sectional study based on electronic survey data that was collected in Iraq during December first-19th, 2020. The electronic survey was designed using Qualtrics. HBM was followed to develop the survey items. A regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing people accepting vaccination. Thematic analysis for participant comments to an open-ended question.Results A total of 1680 completed surveys were received. The mean age of 31.2 +/- 9.9 years, 53.0% were female and 47.0% were male. The largest group was HCWs (45.7%), followed by general population (37.5%) and health college students (16.8%). Our findings expressed some hesitancy to receive the COVID-19 vaccine with the acceptance rate of 61.7%. The HCWs perceived significantly higher susceptibility and severity of the COVID-19 infection compared to the general population. The HCWs were significantly more likely than the general population to receive COVID-19 vaccine. Concerns with proper storage was the biggest barrier to vaccine receipt. The regression analysis indicated eight factors that were significantly associated with the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine: Preventive measures, perceived benefit, perceived barriers, cue to action, subjective norm, supportive of vaccination in general and having received a flu vaccine before.Conclusions Awareness campaign can focus on enhancing the vaccine perceived benefit, debunking misconceptions, and increasing the disease perceived severity. Additionally, the public health leaders need to minimize the perceived barriers by providing the vaccines and appeasing people concerns about their storage, effectiveness, and adverse events.