Ecosystem services as technology of globalization: On articulating values in urban nature
Ecosystem services as technology of globalization: On articulating values in urban nature
复制标题
作为全球化技术的生态系统服务：阐述城市自然的价值
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.09.012
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
S. Sörlin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Ernstson;S. Sörlin
本文展示了如何将生态系统服务作为一种价值表达的社会实践来看待和研究。因此，当生态系统服务在决策中作为计算价值的对象出现时，它们已经被社会污染了，不能被视为仅仅反映了客观的生物物理现实。通过对斯德哥尔摩和开普敦基于地方的斗争的城市案例研究，我们展示了价值观是如何通过社会实践相互建构的。同样的分析也适用于生态系统服务。特别有趣的是TEEB手册，它使用了开普敦“自然资产”经济评估的咨询报告，描述了一种循序渐进的方法，对城市自然的某些方面进行分类、量化和定价。该手册努力将生态系统服务方法转变为一种可运输的方法，能够客观地衡量世界各地所有城市的城市自然价值。文章以其普遍和客观的姿态表明，生态系统服务方法是全球化的一种技术，它使关于城市化生态的辩论去历史化和去生态化，有效地沉默了其他（通常被边缘化的）认识和评估方式。本文将生态系统服务作为一种社会实践，作为历史进程的一部分，并且具有内在的政治性。呼吁对生态系统服务和城市可持续性指标如何用于改变当地决策，同时制造全球专业知识的关键民族志进行研究。
The paper demonstrates how ecosystem services can be viewed and studied as a social practice of value articulation. With this follows that when ecosystem services appear as objects of calculated value in decision-making they are already tainted by the social and cannot be viewed as merely reflecting an objective biophysical reality. Using urban case studies of place-based struggles in Stockholm and Cape Town, we demonstrate how values are relationally constructed through social practice. The same analysis is applied on ecosystem services. Of special interest is the TEEB Manual that uses a consultancy report on the economic evaluation of Cape Town's ‘natural assets’ to describe a step-by-step method to catalog, quantify and price certain aspects of urban nature. The Manual strives to turn the ecosystem services approach into a transportable method, capable of objectively measuring the values of urban nature everywhere, in all cities in the world. With its gesture of being universal and objective, the article suggests that the ecosystem services approach is a technology of globalization that de-historicizes and de-ecologizes debates on urbanized ecologies, effectively silencing other—and often marginalized—ways of knowing and valuing. The paper inscribes ecosystem services as social practice, as part of historical process, and as inherently political. A call is made for critical ethnographies of how ecosystem services and urban sustainability indicators are put into use to change local decision-making while manufacturing global expertise.