Visual short-term memory in the first year of life: capacity and recency effects.
Visual short-term memory in the first year of life: capacity and recency effects.
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生命第一年的视觉短期记忆：容量和新近效应。
DOI：
10.1037//0012-1649.37.4.539
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jankowski,JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rose,SA;Feldman,JF;Jankowski,JJ
研究人员设计了一个跨度任务来评估婴儿在短期记忆中所能容纳的信息量。在这项任务中，婴儿被连续呈现最多4个项目，然后通过连续将每个项目与一个新项目配对来测试识别。对足月和低出生体重早产儿（<1，750 g）的大样本在5、7和12个月时进行纵向测试。两组的结果是相似的：（a）较长的记忆跨度更困难，特别是在2个月大的时候;（B）记忆容量在生命的第一年增加--然而在年轻的时候，只有不到25%的样本可以一次记住3-4个项目，将近一半的样本可以在12个月大的时候做到这一点;（c）有明显的近因效应（对最后一个项目的记忆更大）在所有年龄段的3和4跨度;（d）存在适度的跨年龄相关性，表明记忆能力的个体差异在不同年龄之间表现出一定的稳定性。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
A span task was developed to assess the amount of information infants could hold in short-term memory. In this task, infants were presented with up to 4 items in succession and then tested for recognition by successively pairing each item with a novel one. A large sample of full-terms and low-birth-weight preterms (< 1,750 g) was tested longitudinally, at 5, 7, and 12 months of age. Results were similar for both groups:(a) Longer spans were more difficult, especially at the 2 younger ages;(b) memory capacity increased over the 1st year of life—whereas less than 25% of the sample could hold as many as 3—4 items in mind at once at the younger ages, nearly half could do so by 12 months of age;(c) there was a marked recency effect (greater memory for the final item) for spans of 3 and 4 at all ages; and (d) there were modest cross-age correlations, indicating that individual differences in memory capacity showed some stability from age to age.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)