Materials for Transparent Electrodes: From Metal Oxides to Organic Alternatives
Materials for Transparent Electrodes: From Metal Oxides to Organic Alternatives
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DOI：
10.1002/aelm.201700412
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Hadziioannou, Georges
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hofmann, Anna Isabel;Cloutet, Eric;Hadziioannou, Georges
光电器件，如显示器，现在在我们的日常生活中无处不在。这些设备的一个关键组件是透明电极，它允许光的输入和输出耦合。以优化电极特性和提高器件效率为目标，已经研究了许多用于制造薄的透明导电膜的方法。这篇综述概述了用作透明电极的不同材料类别，从金属氧化物，如氧化铟锡，金属和碳纳米结构，导电聚合物和复合材料。对于每一种材料，简要描述了基本原理，加工路线和最新成果。此外，光电性能，灵活性，和不同的电极的表面粗糙度进行了比较。最后讨论了各自电极的优点和缺点。这种对根本不同的透明导电材料的关键比较，一方面允许为特定应用做出明智的电极选择，另一方面，指出仍然必须解决的科学挑战。
Optoelectronic devices, such as displays, are now omnipresent in our daily life. A crucial component of these devices is a transparent electrode, which allows the in- and outcoupling of light. With the goal of optimizing the electrode characteristics and improving device efficiencies, many approaches for the fabrication of thin, transparent, conducting films have been studied. This review gives an overview of the different material classes which are used as transparent electrodes, ranging from metal oxides, such as indium tin oxide, metal, and carbonaceous nanostructures, to conducting polymers and composites. For every material class, a brief description of the fundamental principles, processing routes, and the latest achievements is given. Furthermore, the optoelectronic performance, flexibility, and surface roughness of the different electrodes are compared. Ultimately, advantages and drawbacks of the respective electrodes are discussed. This critical comparison of fundamentally different transparent conducting materials allows, on one hand, to make a sensible choice of electrode for specific applications, and, on the other hand, to point out scientific challenges that must still be addressed.