Reducing whole-body vibration and musculoskeletal injury with a new car seat design.
Reducing whole-body vibration and musculoskeletal injury with a new car seat design.
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通过新型汽车座椅设计减少全身振动和肌肉骨骼损伤。
DOI：
10.1080/00140130500226903
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Lin,F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Makhsous,M;Hendrix,R;Crowther,Z;Nam,E;Lin,F
一种新的汽车座椅设计，允许座椅的背部（BPS）降低，而突出的垫子支持腰椎，定量测试，以确定其有效性和潜力，在减少全身振动（WBV）和肌肉骨骼疾病的汽车驾驶员。9名受试者在以下情况下驾驶座椅：1）传统座椅布置（正常姿势）; 2）新座椅设计（无BPS（WO-BPS）姿势）。通过减少座椅和坐骨结节（IT）之间的接触，新的座椅设计降低了接触压力和通过身体传递的振动幅度。通过使用WO-BPS姿势，腰椎和IT处沿着z轴的加速度均方根值分别显著降低31.6%（p< 0.01）和19.8%（p< 0.05）。同时，振动剂量值沿着腰椎和IT的z轴显著降低43.0%（p< 0.05）和34.5%（p< 0.01）。WBV的这种降低允许比传统座椅装置所允许的更持续的驾驶，在持续不可接受的WBV水平之前持续几个小时。在大型卡车和其他高振动车辆中实施的这种座椅装置可以降低驾驶员中与WBV相关的肌肉骨骼疾病的风险。
A new car seat design, which allows the back part of the seat (BPS) to lower down while a protruded cushion supports the lumbar spine, was quantitatively tested to determine its effectiveness and potentials in reducing whole-body vibration (WBV) and musculoskeletal disorders in automobile drivers. Nine subjects were tested to drive with the seat in: 1) the conventional seating arrangement (Normal posture); and 2) the new seating design (without BPS (WO-BPS) posture). By reducing contact between the seat and the ischial tuberosities (ITs), the new seating design reduced both contact pressure and amplitude of vibrations transmitted through the body. Root-mean-squared values for acceleration along the z-axis at the lumbar spine and ITs significantly decreased 31.6% (p< 0.01) and 19.8% (p< 0.05), respectively, by using the WO-BPS posture. At the same time, vibration dose values significantly decreased along the z-axis of the lumbar spine and ITs by 43.0% (p< 0.05) and 34.5% (p< 0.01). This reduction in WBV allows more sustained driving than permitted by conventional seating devices, by several hours, before sustaining unacceptable WBV levels. Such seating devices, implemented in large trucks and other high-vibration vehicles, may reduce the risk of WBV-related musculoskeletal disorders among drivers.