Circadian Rhythms in Fear Conditioning: An Overview of Behavioral, Brain System, and Molecular Interactions.
Circadian Rhythms in Fear Conditioning: An Overview of Behavioral, Brain System, and Molecular Interactions.
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DOI：
10.1155/2017/3750307
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Stork O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albrecht A;Stork O
恐惧记忆的形成是一种强大的、高度进化的保守机制，服务于对环境威胁的行为适应。因此，经典恐惧条件反射范式被用来研究记忆形成的基本分子过程。有证据表明，昼夜节律调节机制允许这种恐惧记忆的时间戳，并在其获得和检索后的修改过程中控制记忆的显著性。这些机制包括杏仁核、海马体和内侧前额皮质神经元中的分子钟的表达，以及它们与介导神经可塑性和信息存储的细胞内信号通路的密切相互作用。通过释放糖皮质激素和神经调节剂（如乙酰胆碱），细胞活动在不同的大脑区域和神经回路之间进行协调，从而整合昼夜节律和记忆相关的激活。昼夜节律相移或创伤经历对这种相互作用的干扰似乎是压力相关精神病理学发展的重要因素，考虑到这些昼夜节律成分对于优化这些疾病的治疗方法至关重要。
The formation of fear memories is a powerful and highly evolutionary conserved mechanism that serves the behavioral adaptation to environmental threats. Accordingly, classical fear conditioning paradigms have been employed to investigate fundamental molecular processes of memory formation. Evidence suggests that a circadian regulation mechanism allows for a timestamping of such fear memories and controlling memory salience during both their acquisition and their modification after retrieval. These mechanisms include an expression of molecular clocks in neurons of the amygdala, hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex and their tight interaction with the intracellular signaling pathways that mediate neural plasticity and information storage. The cellular activities are coordinated across different brain regions and neural circuits through the release of glucocorticoids and neuromodulators such as acetylcholine, which integrate circadian and memory-related activation. Disturbance of this interplay by circadian phase shifts or traumatic experience appears to be an important factor in the development of stress-related psychopathology, considering these circadian components are of critical importance for optimizing therapeutic approaches to these disorders.