Phytoextraction of zinc by Indian mustard and tall fescue
Phytoextraction of zinc by Indian mustard and tall fescue
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/00103620601172316
复制
发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Barker, Allen V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bryson, Gretchen M.;Barker, Allen V.
本试验评价了印度芥菜（Brassica juncea Czern.）和高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea Schreb.）两种植物对土壤锌的吸收能力。此外，本试验还着重研究了施用氮肥以增加植物对锌的提取。对两种哈德利系列土壤（典型Udifluvents）进行了研究。以硫酸锌作为土壤中锌浓度的处理方法。以200 mg N/kg的土壤作为硝酸钙、尿素或堆肥提供氮。在相同的培养基上连续种植两次印度芥菜，直到开花和收获时都是棕色的。羊茅从播种开始生长到15cm高，收获，在相同的培养基上再次生长到15cm高，再次收获。在印度芥菜和羊茅第二次收获后，采集土壤样本，用水和摩根溶液分析提取物。在土壤中添加0 ~ 100 mg/kg锌。在土壤锌水平为25 mg/kg时，两季芥菜茎部质量均先升高后降低。土壤锌含量超过25 mg/kg后，植株生长下降，但锌浓度和总积累量随土壤锌含量的增加呈线性增加。氮肥处理的土壤锌含量和积累量最高，不施肥处理的土壤最低。羊茅在土壤中添加0 ~ 1000 mg/kg的锌。在土壤zn水平为125 mg/kg（收获1）和250 mg/kg（收获2）时，羊茅的茎部质量随土壤zn水平的增加而增加，而后下降。随着土壤锌水平的增加，羊茅体内锌的浓度和积累量呈线性增加。在尿素改良土壤中生长的羊茅锌浓度和积累量最高，在不施肥的土壤中最低。在1000 mg Zn/kg土壤中，羊茅锌积累量最高（3800 mg/盆）。无论土壤中生长的物种如何，用摩根溶液或尿素改良土壤中的水提取土壤锌的浓度最高。在不施肥的土壤中，锌的提取浓度最低。一般来说，如果向土壤中添加肥料（硝酸钙、尿素或堆肥），pH值会降低。羊茅易于生长，对土壤锌的耐受性远高于芥菜，可作为植物提取锌的有益树种。
This experiment evaluated the capacity of two species, Indian mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) to extract zinc (Zn) from soils. Also, this experiment focused on using nitrogen (N) fertilizers to increase the phytoextraction of Zn. Two soils of the Hadley series (Typic Udifluvents) were studied. A treatment array of Zn concentrations in soils was supplied as zinc sulfate. Nitrogen was supplied at 200 mg N/kg of soil as calcium nitrate, urea, or compost. Two successive plantings of Indian mustard in the same media were brown until flowering and harvested. Fescue was grown from seeding to a height of 15 cm, harvested, grown again in the same media to a height of 15 cm, and harvested again. After the second harvests of Indian mustard and fescue, soil samples were taken for analysis of extracts with water and with Morgan's solution. Indian mustard was grown with Zn additions ranging from 0 to 100 mg/kg soil. The shoot mass of Indian mustard in both harvests increased to a soil-Zn level of 25 mg/kg and then decreased. Although growth decreased as the soil-Zn levels increased beyond 25 mg/kg, Zn concentration and total accumulation increased linearly as the soil-Zn levels increased. Zinc concentration and accumulation in Indian mustard were highest in soils amended with urea and were lowest in soils with no fertilizer. Fescue was grown with Zn additions ranging from 0 to 1000 mg/kg soil. The shoot mass of fescue increased to a soil-Zn level of 125 mg/kg (harvest 1) or 250 mg/kg (harvest 2) and then decreased as the soil-Zn levels increased. Concentration and accumulation of Zn in fescue increased linearly as the soil-Zn levels increased. Zinc concentration and accumulation were highest in fescue grown in soils amended with urea and lowest in soils with no fertilizer. The highest accumulation of Zn in fescue (3800 mg/pot) occurred at 1000 mg Zn/kg soil. Highest concentrations of soil Zn were extracted with Morgan's solution or water from soils amended with urea, regardless of the species grown in the soils. Lowest concentrations of Zn were extracted from soils with no fertilizer added, regardless of extract or species. In general, if fertilizers (calcium nitrate, urea, or compost) were added to the soils, the pH decreased. Fescue was easy to grow, tolerated much higher soil-Zn levels than Indian mustard in this research, and could be a species useful for phytoextraction of Zn.