Noncontact and high-precision sensing system for piano keys identified fingerprints of virtuosity
Noncontact and high-precision sensing system for piano keys identified fingerprints of virtuosity
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非接触式高精度钢琴琴键传感系统识别精湛技艺指纹
DOI：
10.1101/2022.02.17.480858
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Furuya Shinichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Oku Takanori;Furuya Shinichi
灵巧的工具使用的典型特征是由多个手指执行的快速和精确的运动。一个代表性的任务是钢琴演奏，其涉及具有高时空精度的复杂运动序列的快速性能。然而，几十年来，缺乏能够精确测量钢琴键运动的非接触式传感技术一直是揭示如何培养这种杰出技能的瓶颈。在这里，我们开发了一种新型的传感系统，可以记录所有钢琴键的垂直位置，时间分辨率为1毫秒，空间分辨率为0.01毫米的非接触式方式。使用这个系统，我们记录了钢琴键的动作，而49位钢琴家演奏了一个复杂的音调序列，需要个性化和协调的手指动作，以尽可能快和准确地执行。惩罚回归使用的关键动作的各种特征变量确定了不同的特征的键压下和键释放运动的速度和准确性的性能。对于最大的速率的的pikes，钢琴家的个体差异与峰值键下降速度，键的抑郁症的持续时间，和键升降时间。对于按键的计时误差，个体间差异与按键的上升速度峰值以及按键下降速度峰值和按键持续时间的敲击间变异性有关。这些结果突出了灵巧的控制键的垂直运动的快速和准确的钢琴性能的重要性。
Dexterous tool use is typically characterized by fast and precise motions performed by multiple fingers. One representative task is piano playing, which involves fast performance of a sequence of complex motions with high spatiotemporal precision. However, for several decades, a lack of contactless sensing technologies that are capable of precision measurement of piano key motions has been a bottleneck for unveiling how such an outstanding skill is cultivated. Here, we developed a novel sensing system that can record the vertical position of all piano keys with a time resolution of 1 ms and a spatial resolution of 0.01 mm in a noncontact manner. Using this system, we recorded the piano key motions while 49 pianists played a complex sequence of tones that required both individuated and coordinated finger movements to be performed as fast and accurately as possible. Penalized regression using various feature variables of the key motions identified distinct characteristics of the key-depressing and key-releasing motions in relation to the speed and accuracy of the performance. For the maximum rate of the keystrokes, individual differences across the pianists were associated with the peak key descending velocity, the key depression duration, and key-lift timing. For the timing error of the keystrokes, the interindividual differences were associated with the peak ascending velocity of the key and the inter-strike variability of both the peak key descending velocity and the key depression duration. These results highlight the importance of dexterous control of the vertical motions of the keys for fast and accurate piano performance.