Runout of dry granular avalanches
Runout of dry granular avalanches
复制标题
DOI：
10.1139/t98-108
复制
发表时间：
1999-09
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
T. Davies;M. McSaveney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Davies;M. McSaveney
干砂和砾石的颗粒雪崩的实验室实验揭示了一致的模式，随着下降高度，下降斜率和体积的材料从0.1到1000 L的体积变化的跳动距离。从南阿什伯顿岩石雪崩存款的数据表明，其运行行为略有不同，从实验室雪崩，扩展范围的这种行为的颗粒雪崩的体积约为100 000立方米。相比之下，更大的岩石雪崩（> 107 m3）的数据与实验室数据的趋势相差很大;一些实验室中不存在的因素，如岩石破碎或存在可侵蚀的基底，一定会影响这些较大事件的行为。在实验室测试中，低至13°的行进角是由具有正常摩擦系数的颗粒流动机制造成的;它们不仅与大体积事件有关，而且不一定表明任何尺度下的异常物质流动性。
Laboratory experiments on granular avalanching of dry sands and gravels reveal a consistent pattern of runout distance varying with fall height, fall slope, and volume of material for volumes ranging from 0.1 to 1000 L. Data from the South Ashburton rock avalanche deposit show that its runout behaviour differs only slightly from that of the laboratory avalanches, extending the range of this behaviour to granular avalanches with volumes of about 100 000 m3. By contrast, data from much larger rock avalanches (> 107 m3) depart significantly from the trends of the laboratory data; some factor not present in the laboratory, such as rock fragmentation or the presence of an erodible substrate, must influence the behaviour of these larger events. Travel angles as low as 13° in the laboratory tests result from grain flow mechanisms with normal friction coefficients; they are not associated only with large-volume events and do not necessarily indicate unusual material mobility at any scale.