Determining the effectiveness of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus hospitalizations and emergency department visits using two study designs
Determining the effectiveness of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus hospitalizations and emergency department visits using two study designs
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.03.072
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发表时间：
2013-05-31
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Staat, Mary Allen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Donauer, Stephanie;Payne, Daniel C.;Staat, Mary Allen
本研究的目的是使用两个研究设计来确定五价轮状病毒疫苗(RV5)在2006-07和2007-08轮状病毒季节预防轮状病毒相关住院和急诊科就诊的疫苗有效性。进行了基于人群的积极监测，以确定实验室确认的轮状病毒相关住院和急诊科就诊病例，用于病例队列和病例对照设计。采用病例队列方法计算一个对照组，病例对照方法计算两个对照组的VE。这三项分析得出的VE估计值相似。在每项分析中，三种剂量的RV5对预防轮状病毒相关的住院和急诊有效，在所有三项分析中，VE估计为92%。两剂RV5也有效，VE从79%到83%不等。单一剂量在病例队列分析中有效，但在两个病例对照分析中均不显著。病例队列和病例对照研究设计为完成三个剂量系列产生了相同的VE点估计。两剂和三剂RV5在预防轮状病毒相关住院和急诊方面有效。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
The objective of this study is to determine the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) for preventing rotavirus-related hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits during the 2006-07 and 2007-08 rotavirus seasons using two study designs. Active, prospective population-based surveillance was conducted to identify cases of laboratory-confirmed rotavirus-related hospitalizations and ED visits to be used in case-cohort and case-control designs. VE was calculated using one comparison group for the case-cohort method and two comparison groups for the case-control method. The VE estimates produced by the three analyses were similar. Three doses of RV5 were effective for preventing rotavirus-related hospitalizations and ED visits in each analysis, with VE estimated as 92% in all three analyses. Two doses of RV5 were also effective, with VE ranging from 79% to 83%. A single dose was effective in the case-cohort analysis, but was not significant in either of the case-control analyses. The case-cohort and the case-control study designs produced the same VE point estimates for completion of the three dose series. Two and three doses of RV5 were effective in preventing rotavirus-related hospitalizations and ED visits. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.