Selectively Doped Piezoelectric Ceramics with Tunable Piezoelectricity via Suspension-Enclosing Projection Stereolithography
Selectively Doped Piezoelectric Ceramics with Tunable Piezoelectricity via Suspension-Enclosing Projection Stereolithography
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addma.2021.102407
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Li He;Xiao Wang;F. Fei;Lei Chen;Xuan Song
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li He;Xiao Wang;F. Fei;Lei Chen;Xuan Song
压电材料的宏观压电性能可以通过局部控制微结构来引入特定位置的电位移矢量来调节，但目前的大部分研究都集中在中尺度建筑单元的设计和操作上，这些单元在实现高功能方面存在固有的局限性。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种基于立体光刻的增材制造（AM）策略，通过选择性地将掺杂剂掺入到陶瓷材料中以定制晶粒的发展，从而在晶粒微观结构尺度上对压电陶瓷的性能进行空间调谐。研究了不同掺杂参数（包括陶瓷固相含量、掺杂剂种类和掺杂浓度）对印刷压电陶瓷微观结构和性能的影响。实验和数值模拟研究了不同掺杂添加剂在掺杂剂-陶瓷相互作用中的热力学和动力学，以实现微结构的位置特异性抑制。结果表明，当掺杂浓度为2wt%时，可以促进局部晶粒生长的均匀性，提高印刷压电陶瓷的抗压强度和孔隙率，提高介电常数和压电电压常数。此外，我们的研究结果表明，热化学稳定的颗粒（例如，ZrO 2）表现出微尺度扩散行为，与普通掺杂添加剂（例如，ZnO），其更适合作为局部掺入的掺杂剂用于实现位置特异性性质调谐。选择性掺杂的压电元件在预定义的模式的测试情况下，突出了所提出的方法在创建具有可编程位置特定属性的新型压电材料的潜力。
The macroscopic piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric materials can be regulated via localized control of microstructures to introduce site-specific electric displacement vectors, but much of the current research is centered around design and manipulation of meso-scale architectural units that are inherently limited in achieving high functionality. In this study, we propose a stereolithography-based additive manufacturing (AM) strategy to spatially tune the properties of piezoelectric ceramics at a grain-microstructural scale through selectively incorporating dopants into the ceramic materials for tailoring the grain development. The effects of different doping parameters (including ceramic solid loading, dopant type, and dopant concentration) on the microstructures and properties of printed piezoelectric ceramics are investigated. The thermodynamics and kinetics of different doping additives in the dopant-ceramic interaction are experimentally and numerically studied to enable location-specific inhibition of microstructures. Our results indicate that a doping concentration of 2 wt% promoted the homogeneity of local grain growth, resulted in a higher compressive strength and lower porosity, and improved dielectric permittivity and piezoelectric voltage constant in printed piezoelectric ceramics. Moreover, our results suggest that thermochemically stable particles (e.g., ZrO2) with a high melting point and a low vapor pressure exhibited micro-scale diffusion behaviors, in contrast to millimeter-scale diffusion behaviors of common doping additives (e.g., ZnO), which are more suitable as a locally incorporated dopant for achieving location-specific property tuning. Test cases of selectively doped piezoelectric components in predefined patterns highlight the potential of the proposed approach in creating novel piezoelectric materials with programmable location-specific properties.