Modulation of gut microbiota dysbioses in type 2 diabetic patients by macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet.
Modulation of gut microbiota dysbioses in type 2 diabetic patients by macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114516001045
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发表时间：
2016-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Brigidi P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Candela M;Biagi E;Soverini M;Consolandi C;Quercia S;Severgnini M;Peano C;Turroni S;Rampelli S;Pozzilli P;Pianesi M;Fallucca F;Brigidi P
肠道微生物群在2型糖尿病（T2 D）中发挥作用，偏离互利生态系统布局被认为是导致该疾病的关键环境因素。因此，已经评估了通过饮食纠正肠道微生物组生态失调来改善T2 D代谢控制的可能性。在这里，我们探索了两种不同的能量限制饮食方法的潜力-富含纤维的长寿Ma-Pi 2饮食或意大利专业协会推荐的T2 D治疗对照饮食-以纠正T2 D患者的肠道微生物群失调。在之前的一项为期21天的开放标签MADIAB试验中，五十六例超重T2 D患者随机接受Ma-Pi 2或对照饮食。在本研究中，在干预之前和之后从40名MADIAB参与者的子集中收集粪便，使我们能够通过16 S rRNA测序和估算宏基因组学来分析肠道微生物群。为了突出T2 D中的微生物群生态失调，对13名正常体重健康对照的肠道微生物群进行了表征。根据我们的研究结果，两种饮食都能有效调节2型糖尿病患者的肠道微生物组生态失调，从而增加生态系统的多样性，并支持促进健康的SCFA生产者（如粪杆菌属、罗斯拜瑞氏菌属、毛螺菌属、拟杆菌属和阿克曼氏菌属）的平衡群落的恢复。Ma-Pi 2饮食，而不是对照饮食，也有效地抵消了肠道生态系统中可能的促炎性基团的增加，例如柯林斯菌和链球菌，显示出逆转T2 D中促炎性生态失调的潜力，并可能解释了改善代谢控制的更大功效。
The gut microbiota exerts a role in type 2 diabetes (T2D), and deviations from a mutualistic ecosystem layout are considered a key environmental factor contributing to the disease. Thus, the possibility of improving metabolic control in T2D by correcting gut microbiome dysbioses through diet has been evaluated. Here, we explore the potential of two different energy-restricted dietary approaches – the fibre-rich macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet or a control diet recommended by Italian professional societies for T2D treatment – to correct gut microbiota dysbioses in T2D patients. In a previous 21-d open-label MADIAB trial, fifty-six overweight T2D patients were randomised to the Ma-Pi 2 or the control diet. For the present study, stools were collected before and after intervention from a subset of forty MADIAB participants, allowing us to characterise the gut microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing and imputed metagenomics. To highlight microbiota dysbioses in T2D, the gut microbiota of thirteen normal-weight healthy controls were characterised. According to our findings, both diets were effective in modulating gut microbiome dysbioses in T2D, resulting in an increase of the ecosystem diversity and supporting the recovery of a balanced community of health-promoting SCFA producers, such as Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Lachnospira, Bacteroides and Akkermansia. The Ma-Pi 2 diet, but not the control diet, was also effective in counteracting the increase of possible pro-inflammatory groups, such as Collinsella and Streptococcus, in the gut ecosystem, showing the potential to reverse pro-inflammatory dysbioses in T2D, and possibly explaining the greater efficacy in improving the metabolic control.