Self-administration of cannabinoids by experimental animals and human marijuana smokers
Self-administration of cannabinoids by experimental animals and human marijuana smokers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2005.01.026
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Tanda, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Justinova, Z;Goldberg, SR;Tanda, G
药物自我给药行为是研究精神活性药物强化作用的最直接、最有效的方法之一，对确定其滥用潜力至关重要。大麻素通常以大麻的形式被人类滥用，已成为美国最常滥用的非法药物类别。1964年对δ-9-四氢大麻酚（THC）的结构和立体化学的早期阐明，现在被认为是大麻中的主要精神活性成分，激活了全世界的大麻素研究。本文综述了人类和实验动物大麻素自我给药行为的研究进展。已经有许多实验室证明大麻素在人类受试者中的增强作用，但实验室动物可靠的大麻素自我给药直到最近才得到证实。现在已经表明，通过与人类吸入的大麻烟雾中的THC剂量相当的剂量，可以在实验和药物幼稚的松鼠猴中保持强烈和持久的自我管理行为。此外，最近已经报道了使用大鼠和小鼠的静脉内和脑室内自我给药程序来增强某些合成CB 1大麻素激动剂的作用。这些发现支持了先前的结论，即在某些实验条件下，THC与其他滥用药物相比具有明显的滥用倾向。松鼠猴自我施用THC提供了迄今为止最可靠的人类大麻滥用动物模型。这种动物模型现在可以研究其他天然和合成大麻素的相对滥用倾向，并在临床前评估治疗或预防人类大麻滥用的新治疗策略。爱思唯尔公司出版
Drug self-administration behavior has been one of the most direct and productive approaches for studying the reinforcing effects of psychoactive drugs, which are critical in determining their abuse potential. Cannabinoids, which are usually abused by humans in the form of marijuana, have become the most frequently abused illicit class of drugs in the United States. The early elucidation of the structure and stereochemistry of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in 1964, which is now recognized as the principal psychoactive ingredient in marijuana, activated cannabinoid research worldwide. This review examines advances in research on cannabinoid self-administration behavior by humans and laboratory animals. There have been numerous laboratory demonstrations of the reinforcing effects of cannabinoids in human subjects, but reliable self-administration of cannabinoids by laboratory animals has only recently been demonstrated. It has now been shown that strong and persistent self-administration behavior can be maintained in experimentally and drug-naive squirrel monkeys by doses of THC comparable to those in marijuana smoke inhaled by humans. Furthermore, reinforcing effects of some synthetic CB1 cannabinoid agonists have been recently reported using intravenous and intracerebroventricular self-administration procedures in rats and mice. These findings support previous conclusions that THC has a pronounced abuse liability comparable to other drugs of abuse under certain experimental conditions. Self-administration of THC by squirrel monkeys provides the most reliable animal model for human marijuana abuse available to date. This animal model now makes it possible to study the relative abuse liability of other natural and synthetic cannabinoids and to preclinically assess new therapeutic strategies for the treatment or prevention of marijuana abuse in humans. Published by Elsevier Inc.