Medical Student Beliefs and Attitudes Toward Mental Illness Across Five Nations
Medical Student Beliefs and Attitudes Toward Mental Illness Across Five Nations
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DOI：
10.1097/nmd.0000000000000610
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Chiles, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stefanovics, Elina A.;Rosenheck, Robert A.;Chiles, Catherine
对精神疾病患者的负面态度是一个普遍关注的问题，并且可能因国家而异。本研究使用了一份36项问卷，比较了来自美国、巴西、加纳、尼日利亚和中国（N = 1131）的医学生对精神疾病患者的态度和对精神疾病原因的信念。探索性因素分析确定了问卷的基本因素结构，协方差分析，然后使用比较因素代表四个nonstigmatized态度在学生来自五个国家。美国医学生在所有四个因素上得分最高，其次是来自巴西的学生。尼日利亚和加纳学生在精神疾病的非超自然病因学方面得分最低，中国学生在精神疾病患者的个人社会接受和公共政策接受方面得分最低。这五个国家之间的医学生态度的差异表明潜在的社会文化差异的态度与更多的污名化的态度在发展中国家。
Negative attitudes toward people with mental illness are a widespread concern and may vary across countries. This study used a 36-item questionnaire to compare attitudes toward people with mental illness and beliefs about the causes of mental illness among medical students from the United States, Brazil, Ghana, Nigeria, and China (N = 1131). Exploratory factor analysis identified the underlying factor structure of the questionnaire, and analysis of covariance was then used to compare factors representing four nonstigmatized attitudes across students from the five countries. US Medical students scored highest on all four factors, followed by those from Brazil. Nigerian and Ghanaian students scored lowest on nonsupernatural etiology of mental illness, and Chinese students showed the lowest score on personal social acceptance and public policy acceptance of people with mental illness. Differences in medical student attitudes between these five countries suggest underlying sociocultural differences in attitudes with the more stigmatized attitudes in developing countries.