Fertilization success and UV ornamentation in blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus:: correlational and experimental evidence
Fertilization success and UV ornamentation in blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus:: correlational and experimental evidence
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arl096
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kempenaers, Bart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delhey, Kaspar;Peters, Anne;Kempenaers, Bart
在鸟类中，不太听话的雄性通过性选择而受到青睐的情况是罕见的。在这里，我们显示，从3个连续的繁殖季节的数据的基础上，雄性蓝山雀与较少的紫外线（UV）-抑制冠羽生更多的后代。这种模式主要是由更高的成功率的老年人，较少的紫外线照射的男性在siring extrapair后代。这种关系背后的原因尚不清楚，虽然我们假设，较少的紫外线照射可能使成年男性入侵到附近的领土模仿少年。为了检验因果关系，我们实验性地操纵雄性树冠着色，创建2组，一组具有较高的UV（+）处理），一组具有较低的UV反射率（UV（-）处理）。与我们的预期相反，UV（-）男性比UV（+）男性更不可能产生extrapair后代。这种处理对雄性在自己的巢中失去父亲身份的可能性没有影响。由于实验证据不支持观测数据，因此无法证实雄性树冠颜色对额外配对成功的直接影响。然而，潜在的陷阱，这个和其他这样的颜色操纵实验，如褪色的治疗与时间和行为和着色之间的不匹配，要求新的改进的操作技术和详细的行为观察，最终测试的影响，蓝山雀冠着色对男性extrapair成功。
Cases where less ornamented males are favored through sexual selection are rare among birds. Here we show, based on data from 3 consecutive breeding seasons, that male blue tits with less ultraviolet (UV)-ornamented crown feathers sire more offspring. This pattern was mainly driven by the higher success of older, less UV-ornamented males at siring extrapair offspring. The reason behind this relationship is unclear although we hypothesize that being less UV-ornamented may enable adult males to intrude into nearby territories by mimicking juveniles. To test causality, we experimentally manipulated male crown coloration creating 2 groups, one with higher (UV(+) treatment) and one with lower UV reflectance (UV(-) treatment). Contrary to our expectations, UV(-) males were less likely to sire extrapair offspring than UV(+) males. The treatment had no effect on the likelihood of losing paternity in a male's own nest. Because the experimental evidence does not support the observational data, a direct effect of male crown color on extrapair success cannot be confirmed. However, potential pitfalls of this and other such color manipulation experiments, like fading of treatment with time and mismatches between behavior and coloration, call for new improved manipulation techniques and detailed behavioral observations to conclusively test for the effect of blue tit crown coloration on male extrapair success.