Psychosocial Risks and Violence Against Teachers. Is It Possible to Promote Well-Being at Work?
Psychosocial Risks and Violence Against Teachers. Is It Possible to Promote Well-Being at Work?
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph16224439
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pedrazza, Monica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Berlanda, Sabrina;Fraizzoli, Marta;Pedrazza, Monica
据报告，教学是压力最大的职业之一，有着沉重的心理要求，包括需要与学生及其家长建立积极的关系;这种关系反过来又对教师的福祉起着重要作用。因此，学生或家长对教师实施的任何暴力行为的影响特别重大，是一个重大的职业健康问题。本研究首次探讨了工作需求-控制-支持模式对教师暴力行为的影响。在意大利东北部的小学和中学工作的686名教师完成了一份在线自我报告问卷。我们的研究结果揭示了工作条件在确定教师的暴力经历中所起的作用：更高的工作要求与大多数犯罪类型相关，而学校分散的社会支持的可用性与骚扰率较低相关。暴力应平等分配并得到控制，暴力应在对学校做法和经验的共同日常监测中占有一席之地，以便为所有教师提供一个社会支持性的工作环境。
Teaching has been reported to be one of the most stressful occupations, with heavy psychological demands, including the need to develop positive relationships with students and their parents; relationships that, in turn, play a significant role in teachers' well-being. It follows that the impact of any violence perpetrated by a student or parent against a teacher is particularly significant and represents a major occupational health concern. The present study examines for the first time the influence of the Job Demands-Control-Support Model on violence directed against teachers. Six hundred and eighty-six teachers working in elementary and high schools in north-east Italy completed an online, self-report questionnaire. Our findings reveal the role played by working conditions in determining teachers' experience of violence: greater job demands are associated with most offense types, whereas the availability of diffused social support at school is associated with lower rates of harassment. Workload should be equally distributed and kept under control, and violence should gain its place in the shared daily monitoring of practices and experiences at school in order to provide a socially supportive work environment for all teachers.