Effect of fasting versus feeding oasis after hatching on nutrient utilization in chicks
Effect of fasting versus feeding oasis after hatching on nutrient utilization in chicks
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DOI：
10.1093/ps/81.6.853
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Parsons, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Batal, AB;Parsons, CM
本试验研究了禁食、饲喂Oasis、饲喂玉米-豆粕（SBM）和玉米-酪蛋白（B-C）日粮对肉鸭生长性能、MEn和氨基酸表观消化率的影响。在每个实验中，五个或六个围栏的8只小鸡被分配到五个处理之一：孵化后立即饲喂玉米-SBM或蔗糖-酪蛋白饮食，孵化后禁食48小时（无饲料或水），或孵化后饲喂绿洲24或48小时（无水）。在禁食和饲喂Oasis处理后，饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮21 d。分别在0 ~ 2、3 ~ 4、7、14和21 d收集排泄物，测定MEn和AA消化率。禁食鸡孵化后48小时显着抑制体重增加相比，所有其他治疗在21日龄。虽然在孵化后48小时的体重损失没有显著差异，但饲喂Oasis 48小时的雏鸡在1周龄和3周龄的体重增加显著（P < 0.05）高于禁食48小时的雏鸡。试验2中，在孵化后48 h和7 d，饲喂玉米-酪蛋白日粮的雏鸡的增重显著（P < 0.05）高于饲喂玉米-豆粕日粮的雏鸡。随着饲喂时间从3天增加到21天，MEn大幅增加（25%）的所有处理中，鸡喂玉米-SBM饮食。Oasis组的MEn显著高于禁食48 h组（P < 0.05）。MEn的蔗糖-酪蛋白饮食是高孵化后立即和增加只有轻微的（2%）随着年龄的增长。大部分AA的消化率随日龄的增加而增加，所有玉米-SBM处理的消化率值相似。然而，蔗糖-酪蛋白日粮的AA消化率值在所有年龄段都很高，并且显著高于其他日粮处理（P < 0.05）。我们的研究结果表明，喂养绿洲（与禁食相比）对玉米-SBM饮食的生长性能和随后的能量利用有有益的影响，绿洲可能会刺激早期肠道发育，即使非常早期的生长（0至48小时）不受影响。
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of fasting, feeding Oasis, or feeding a corn-soybean meal (SBM) or dextrose-casein diet immediately after hatching on growth performance, MEn and apparent amino acid (AA) digestibility. In each experiment, five or six pens of eight chicks were assigned to one of five treatments: feeding a corn-SBM or dextrose-casein diet immediately after hatching, fasting for 48 h (no feed or water) after hatching, or feeding Oasis for 24 or 48 h (no water) after hatching. The fasting and feeding Oasis treatments were followed by feeding the corn-SBM diet for 21 d. Excreta were collected at 0 to 2, 3 to 4, 7, 14, and 21 d on feed for determination of MEn and AA digestibility. Fasting chicks for 48 h posthatching significantly depressed weight gains compared to all other treatments at 21 d of age. Although weight losses were not significantly different at 48 h posthatching, chicks fed Oasis for 48 h had significantly (P < 0.05) higher weight gains at 1 and 3 wk of age than did chicks fasted for 48 h. Chicks fed the dextrose-casein diet had significantly (P < 0.05) higher weight gains at 48 h and 7 d posthatching than chicks fed the corn-SBM diet immediately after hatch in Experiment 2. As time on feed increased from 3 to 21 d, MEn increased substantially (25%) for all the treatments in which chicks were fed the corn-SBM diet. In addition, the MEn of the corn-SBM diet for chicks fed Oasis was significantly (P < 0.05) higher for than chicks fasted for 48 h. The MEn of the dextrose-casein diet was high immediately after hatching and increased only slightly (2%) with increasing age. Digestibility of most AA increased with increasing age for all the corn-SBM treatments, and the digestibility values were similar among treatments. However, AA digestibility values for the dextrose-casein diet were consistently high at all ages and much higher (P < 0.05) than the other dietary treatments. Our results indicated that feeding Oasis (compared to fasting) had a beneficial effect on growth performance and subsequent energy utilization of a corn-SBM diet and that Oasis may stimulate early gut development even though very early growth (0 to 48 h) is not affected.