Development of the hypothalamic melanocortin system.
Development of the hypothalamic melanocortin system.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2013.00038
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Bouret, Sebastien G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coupe, Berengere;Bouret, Sebastien G
黑素皮质素系统是前脑和后脑调节系统中参与能量平衡的重要组成部分。该系统由前鸦片黑素皮质素（POMC）神经元组成，部分通过黑素皮质素-4受体（MC4R）起作用。尽管黑素皮质素系统在控制摄食中的重要性已经确立了二十年，但对POMC和MC4R神经元发育和功能的发育底物的理解才刚刚开始出现。黑素皮质素系统的形成涉及几个离散的发育步骤，包括含有POMC-和mc4r的神经元的诞生和命运规范，以及POMC轴突向表达mc4r的靶核的延伸和引导。每一种发育过程似乎都需要特定的基因和发育线索，包括围产期激素。最近的证据也强调了围产期营养在控制黑素皮质素系统的最终结构中的重要性。
The melanocortin system is a critical component of the forebrain and hindbrain regulatory systems involved in energy balance. This system is composed of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons that act, in part, through the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R). Although the importance of the melanocortin system in controlling feeding has been established for two decades, the understanding of the developmental substrates underlying POMC and MC4R neuron development and function has just begun to emerge. The formation of the melanocortin system involves several discrete developmental steps that include the birth and fate specification of POMC- and MC4R-containing neurons and the extension and guidance of POMC axons to their MC4R-expressing target nuclei. Each of these developmental processes appears to require specific sets of genes and developmental cues that include perinatal hormones. Recent evidence has also highlighted the importance of perinatal nutrition in controlling the ultimate architecture of the melanocortin system.